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Guía OpenAlex - Primera Parte Fecha: 03/10/2023. Indicadores de ciencia y tecnología en el contexto de la Ciencia Abierta. Proyecto PAPIIT. Dr. Eduardo Robles Belmont Sergio Agustín Cabello Tejeida M. en C. José Gerardo López Bonifacio. Técnico Académico Asociado “C”. |
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PyAlex
PyAlex es una biblioteca de Python para OpenAlex. OpenAlex es un índice de cientos de millones de artículos académicos, autores, instituciones y más interconectados. OpenAlex ofrece una API REST sólida, abierta y gratuita para extraer, agregar o buscar datos académicos. PyAlex es una interfaz Python liviana y delgada para esta API. PyAlex intenta acercarse lo más posible al diseño del servicio original.
PyAlex admite actualmente las siguientes características de OpenAlex:
- Obtener entidades individuales
- Filtrar entidades
- Buscar entidades
- Entidades del grupo
- Filtros de búsqueda
- Seleccionar campos
- Muestra
- Paginación
- Punto final de autocompletar
- N-gramas
- Autenticación
Nuestro objetivo es cubrir toda la API y estamos buscando ayuda. Damos la bienvenida a las solicitudes de extracción.
Características clave
- Operaciones de canalización: PyAlex puede manejar múltiples operaciones en una secuencia. Esto permite al desarrollador escribir consultas comprensibles. Para ver ejemplos, consulte fragmentos de código.
- Resúmenes en texto sin formato: OpenAlex no incluye resúmenes en texto sin formato debido a restricciones legales. PyAlex puede convertir los resúmenes invertidos en resúmenes de texto sin formato sobre la marcha.
- Licencia permisiva: los datos de OpenAlex tienen licencia CC0 🙌. PyAlex se publica bajo la licencia MIT.
Instalación
PyAlex requiere Python 3.6 o posterior.
In [1]:
!pip install pyalex
Collecting pyalex Downloading pyalex-0.11-py3-none-any.whl (9.7 kB) Requirement already satisfied: requests in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages (from pyalex) (2.31.0) Requirement already satisfied: charset-normalizer<4,>=2 in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages (from requests->pyalex) (3.2.0) Requirement already satisfied: idna<4,>=2.5 in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages (from requests->pyalex) (3.4) Requirement already satisfied: urllib3<3,>=1.21.1 in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages (from requests->pyalex) (2.0.5) Requirement already satisfied: certifi>=2017.4.17 in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages (from requests->pyalex) (2023.7.22) Installing collected packages: pyalex Successfully installed pyalex-0.11
Empezando
PyAlex ofrece soporte para todos los objetos de entidad: obras, autores, fuentes, instituciones, conceptos, editores y financiadores.
In [2]:
from pyalex import Works, Authors, Sources, Institutions, Concepts, Publishers, Funders
La piscina educada
El grupo educado tiene tiempos de respuesta mucho más rápidos y consistentes. Para ingresar al grupo cortés, configura su correo electrónico:
In [3]:
import pyalex
pyalex.config.email = "jose.lopezb@iimas.unam.mx"
Obtener entidad única
Obtenga una única obra, autor, fuente, institución, concepto, editor o financiador de OpenAlex mediante el ID de OpenAlex, o mediante DOI o ROR.
In [4]:
Works()["W2741809807"]
# same as
Works()["https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4375"]
Out[4]:
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2741809807',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4375',
'title': 'The state of OA: a large-scale analysis of the prevalence and impact of Open Access articles',
'display_name': 'The state of OA: a large-scale analysis of the prevalence and impact of Open Access articles',
'publication_year': 2018,
'publication_date': '2018-02-13',
'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2741809807',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4375',
'mag': '2741809807',
'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29456894',
'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5815332'},
'language': 'en',
'primary_location': {'is_oa': True,
'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4375',
'pdf_url': None,
'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S1983995261',
'display_name': 'PeerJ',
'issn_l': '2167-8359',
'issn': ['2167-8359'],
'is_oa': True,
'is_in_doaj': True,
'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320104',
'host_organization_name': 'PeerJ, Inc.',
'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320104'],
'host_organization_lineage_names': ['PeerJ, Inc.'],
'type': 'journal'},
'license': 'cc-by',
'version': 'publishedVersion',
'is_accepted': True,
'is_published': True},
'type': 'article',
'type_crossref': 'journal-article',
'open_access': {'is_oa': True,
'oa_status': 'gold',
'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4375',
'any_repository_has_fulltext': True},
'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5048491430',
'display_name': 'Heather Piwowar',
'orcid': None},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210166736',
'display_name': 'Impact Technology Development (United States)',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/05ppvf150',
'country_code': 'US',
'type': 'company',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210166736']}],
'countries': ['US'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Heather Piwowar',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Impactstory, Sanford, NC, USA',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Impactstory, Sanford, NC, USA']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5023888391',
'display_name': 'Jason Priem',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6187-6610'},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210166736',
'display_name': 'Impact Technology Development (United States)',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/05ppvf150',
'country_code': 'US',
'type': 'company',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210166736']}],
'countries': ['US'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Jason Priem',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Impactstory, Sanford, NC, USA',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Impactstory, Sanford, NC, USA']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5068542997',
'display_name': 'Vincent Larivière',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2733-0689'},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I70931966',
'display_name': 'Université de Montréal',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/0161xgx34',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I70931966']},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I159129438',
'display_name': 'Université du Québec à Montréal',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/002rjbv21',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I159129438',
'https://openalex.org/I49663120']}],
'countries': ['CA'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Vincent Larivière',
'raw_affiliation_string': "Observatoire des Sciences et des Technologies (OST) Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche sur la Science et la Technologie (CIRST) Université du Québec à Montréal Montréal QC Canada; École de bibliothéconomie et des sciences de l'information, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.",
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Observatoire des Sciences et des Technologies (OST) Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche sur la Science et la Technologie (CIRST) Université du Québec à Montréal Montréal QC Canada',
"École de bibliothéconomie et des sciences de l'information, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada."]},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5045110184',
'display_name': 'Juan Pablo Alperín',
'orcid': None},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I18014758',
'display_name': 'Simon Fraser University',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/0213rcc28',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I18014758']}],
'countries': ['CA'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Juan Pablo Alperin',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Canadian Institute for Studies in Publishing, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; Public Knowledge Project, Canada.',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Canadian Institute for Studies in Publishing, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada.',
'Public Knowledge Project, Canada.']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5066880338',
'display_name': 'Lisa Matthias',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2612-2132'},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I18014758',
'display_name': 'Simon Fraser University',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/0213rcc28',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I18014758']}],
'countries': ['CA'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Lisa Matthias',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Scholarly Communications Lab, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada.',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Scholarly Communications Lab, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada.']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5015414792',
'display_name': 'Bree Norlander',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0431-4221'},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I201448701',
'display_name': 'University of Washington',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/00cvxb145',
'country_code': 'US',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I201448701']},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I58610484',
'display_name': 'Seattle University',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02jqc0m91',
'country_code': 'US',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I58610484']}],
'countries': ['US'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Bree Norlander',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, USA',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, USA']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5062989025',
'display_name': 'Ashley Farley',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9310-6944'},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I201448701',
'display_name': 'University of Washington',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/00cvxb145',
'country_code': 'US',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I201448701']},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I58610484',
'display_name': 'Seattle University',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02jqc0m91',
'country_code': 'US',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I58610484']}],
'countries': ['US'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Ashley Farley',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, USA',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, USA']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5046879461',
'display_name': 'Jevin D. West',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4118-0322'},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I201448701',
'display_name': 'University of Washington',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/00cvxb145',
'country_code': 'US',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I201448701']},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I58610484',
'display_name': 'Seattle University',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02jqc0m91',
'country_code': 'US',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I58610484']}],
'countries': ['US'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Jevin West',
'raw_affiliation_string': '[Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, USA]',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['[Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, USA]']},
{'author_position': 'last',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5014077037',
'display_name': 'Stefanie Haustein',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0157-1430'},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I159129438',
'display_name': 'Université du Québec à Montréal',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/002rjbv21',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I159129438',
'https://openalex.org/I49663120']},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I153718931',
'display_name': 'University of Ottawa',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/03c4mmv16',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I153718931']}],
'countries': ['CA'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Stefanie Haustein',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Observatoire des Sciences et des Technologies (OST), Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche sur la Science et la Technologie (CIRST),, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; School of Information Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Observatoire des Sciences et des Technologies (OST), Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche sur la Science et la Technologie (CIRST),, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada',
'School of Information Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada']}],
'countries_distinct_count': 2,
'institutions_distinct_count': 7,
'corresponding_author_ids': [],
'corresponding_institution_ids': [],
'apc_list': {'value': 1395,
'currency': 'USD',
'value_usd': 1395,
'provenance': 'doaj'},
'apc_paid': {'value': 1395,
'currency': 'USD',
'value_usd': 1395,
'provenance': 'doaj'},
'has_fulltext': False,
'cited_by_count': 558,
'biblio': {'volume': '6',
'issue': None,
'first_page': 'e4375',
'last_page': 'e4375'},
'is_retracted': False,
'is_paratext': False,
'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778805511',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1713',
'display_name': 'Citation',
'level': 2,
'score': 0.6969976},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780560020',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79719',
'display_name': 'License',
'level': 2,
'score': 0.5732989},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777462167',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7432048',
'display_name': 'Scholarly communication',
'level': 3,
'score': 0.56451726},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778149293',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309823',
'display_name': 'Open science',
'level': 2,
'score': 0.5139629},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3020774429',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1201886',
'display_name': 'Web of science',
'level': 3,
'score': 0.50954634},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178315738',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q603441',
'display_name': 'Bibliometrics',
'level': 2,
'score': 0.48490006},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136764020',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466',
'display_name': 'World Wide Web',
'level': 1,
'score': 0.45719635},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198',
'display_name': 'Computer science',
'level': 0,
'score': 0.4483324},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105345328',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206276',
'display_name': 'Citation analysis',
'level': 3,
'score': 0.44086933},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C40993552',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514654',
'display_name': 'Gold standard (test)',
'level': 2,
'score': 0.42916885},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190',
'display_name': 'Medicine',
'level': 0,
'score': 0.40353703},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C161191863',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655',
'display_name': 'Library science',
'level': 1,
'score': 0.33899075},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442',
'display_name': 'Political science',
'level': 0,
'score': 0.21957943},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95190672',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382',
'display_name': 'Meta-analysis',
'level': 2,
'score': 0.16627166},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180',
'display_name': 'Internal medicine',
'level': 1,
'score': 0.14990711},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105795698',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483',
'display_name': 'Statistics',
'level': 1,
'score': 0.1178624},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395',
'display_name': 'Mathematics',
'level': 0,
'score': 0.10001665},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C151719136',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3972943',
'display_name': 'Publishing',
'level': 2,
'score': 0.0},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748',
'display_name': 'Law',
'level': 1,
'score': 0.0},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111919701',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135',
'display_name': 'Operating system',
'level': 1,
'score': 0.0}],
'mesh': [],
'locations_count': 6,
'locations': [{'is_oa': True,
'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4375',
'pdf_url': None,
'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S1983995261',
'display_name': 'PeerJ',
'issn_l': '2167-8359',
'issn': ['2167-8359'],
'is_oa': True,
'is_in_doaj': True,
'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320104',
'host_organization_name': 'PeerJ, Inc.',
'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320104'],
'host_organization_lineage_names': ['PeerJ, Inc.'],
'type': 'journal'},
'license': 'cc-by',
'version': 'publishedVersion',
'is_accepted': True,
'is_published': True},
{'is_oa': True,
'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc5815332',
'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc5815332?pdf=render',
'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806',
'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)',
'issn_l': None,
'issn': None,
'is_oa': True,
'is_in_doaj': False,
'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112',
'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute',
'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'],
'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'],
'type': 'repository'},
'license': 'cc-by',
'version': 'publishedVersion',
'is_accepted': True,
'is_published': True},
{'is_oa': True,
'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5815332',
'pdf_url': None,
'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111',
'display_name': 'PubMed Central',
'issn_l': None,
'issn': None,
'is_oa': True,
'is_in_doaj': False,
'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238',
'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health',
'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'],
'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'],
'type': 'repository'},
'license': None,
'version': 'acceptedVersion',
'is_accepted': True,
'is_published': False},
{'is_oa': True,
'landing_page_url': 'https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1143&context=scholcom',
'pdf_url': 'https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1143&context=scholcom',
'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4377196105',
'display_name': 'Digital Commons - University of Nebraska Lincoln (University of Nebraska–Lincoln)',
'issn_l': None,
'issn': None,
'is_oa': False,
'is_in_doaj': False,
'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I114395901',
'host_organization_name': 'University of Nebraska–Lincoln',
'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I114395901'],
'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Nebraska–Lincoln'],
'type': 'repository'},
'license': 'cc-by',
'version': 'submittedVersion',
'is_accepted': False,
'is_published': False},
{'is_oa': True,
'landing_page_url': 'http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23242',
'pdf_url': 'https://papyrus.bib.umontreal.ca/xmlui/bitstream/1866/23242/1/peerj-06-4375.pdf',
'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402422',
'display_name': 'Papyrus : Institutional Repository (Université de Montréal)',
'issn_l': None,
'issn': None,
'is_oa': True,
'is_in_doaj': False,
'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I70931966',
'host_organization_name': 'Université de Montréal',
'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I70931966'],
'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Université de Montréal'],
'type': 'repository'},
'license': 'cc-by',
'version': 'submittedVersion',
'is_accepted': False,
'is_published': False},
{'is_oa': False,
'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29456894',
'pdf_url': None,
'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036',
'display_name': 'PubMed',
'issn_l': None,
'issn': None,
'is_oa': False,
'is_in_doaj': False,
'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238',
'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health',
'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'],
'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'],
'type': 'repository'},
'license': None,
'version': None,
'is_accepted': False,
'is_published': False}],
'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True,
'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4375',
'pdf_url': None,
'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S1983995261',
'display_name': 'PeerJ',
'issn_l': '2167-8359',
'issn': ['2167-8359'],
'is_oa': True,
'is_in_doaj': True,
'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320104',
'host_organization_name': 'PeerJ, Inc.',
'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320104'],
'host_organization_lineage_names': ['PeerJ, Inc.'],
'type': 'journal'},
'license': 'cc-by',
'version': 'publishedVersion',
'is_accepted': True,
'is_published': True},
'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4',
'display_name': 'Quality Education',
'score': 0.33},
{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17',
'display_name': 'Partnerships for the goals',
'score': 0.24},
{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9',
'display_name': 'Industry, innovation and infrastructure',
'score': 0.21}],
'grants': [],
'referenced_works_count': 35,
'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1560783210',
'https://openalex.org/W1724212071',
'https://openalex.org/W1767272795',
'https://openalex.org/W1957687230',
'https://openalex.org/W2003844967',
'https://openalex.org/W2016860460',
'https://openalex.org/W2020807482',
'https://openalex.org/W2029057325',
'https://openalex.org/W2031754690',
'https://openalex.org/W2048185449',
'https://openalex.org/W2078310052',
'https://openalex.org/W2089123513',
'https://openalex.org/W2115339903',
'https://openalex.org/W2140880926',
'https://openalex.org/W2160597895',
'https://openalex.org/W2231201268',
'https://openalex.org/W2306268324',
'https://openalex.org/W2322381034',
'https://openalex.org/W2343014812',
'https://openalex.org/W2345375849',
'https://openalex.org/W2463568293',
'https://openalex.org/W2511661767',
'https://openalex.org/W2520991028',
'https://openalex.org/W2563251083',
'https://openalex.org/W2566143661',
'https://openalex.org/W2587705861',
'https://openalex.org/W2588027260',
'https://openalex.org/W2737712680',
'https://openalex.org/W2753353163',
'https://openalex.org/W2785823074',
'https://openalex.org/W2953072907',
'https://openalex.org/W2997143876',
'https://openalex.org/W3121567788',
'https://openalex.org/W4254015553',
'https://openalex.org/W4298108315'],
'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2055275276',
'https://openalex.org/W2078188943',
'https://openalex.org/W2586021869',
'https://openalex.org/W2741809807',
'https://openalex.org/W3003267280',
'https://openalex.org/W3115560629',
'https://openalex.org/W3131211795',
'https://openalex.org/W3136123362',
'https://openalex.org/W4235038322',
'https://openalex.org/W4245410681'],
'ngrams_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works/W2741809807/ngrams',
'abstract_inverted_index': {'Despite': [0],
'growing': [1],
'interest': [2],
'in': [3, 57, 73, 110, 122],
'Open': [4, 201],
'Access': [5],
'(OA)': [6],
'to': [7, 54, 252],
'scholarly': [8, 105],
'literature,': [9],
'there': [10],
'is': [11, 107, 116, 176],
'an': [12, 34, 85, 185, 199, 231],
'unmet': [13],
'need': [14, 31],
'for': [15, 42, 174, 219],
'large-scale,': [16],
'up-to-date,': [17],
'and': [18, 24, 77, 112, 124, 144, 221, 237, 256],
'reproducible': [19],
'studies': [20],
'assessing': [21],
'the': [22, 104, 134, 145, 170, 195, 206, 213, 245],
'prevalence': [23],
'characteristics': [25],
'of': [26, 51, 75, 83, 103, 137, 141, 163, 209],
'OA.': [27, 168, 239],
'We': [28, 46, 97, 203, 240],
'address': [29],
'this': [30, 114, 142],
'using': [32, 95, 244],
'oaDOI,': [33],
'open': [35],
'online': [36],
'service': [37],
'that': [38, 89, 99, 113, 147, 155],
'determines': [39],
'OA': [40, 56, 93, 108, 138, 159, 175, 210, 223, 254],
'status': [41],
'67': [43],
'million': [44],
'articles.': [45],
'use': [47],
'three': [48, 58],
'samples,': [49],
'each': [50],
'100,000': [52],
'articles,': [53, 152, 211],
'investigate': [55],
'populations:': [59],
'(1)': [60],
'all': [61],
'journal': [62, 70],
'articles': [63, 71, 79, 94, 164, 191, 224],
'assigned': [64],
'a': [65, 250],
'Crossref': [66],
'DOI,': [67],
'(2)': [68],
'recent': [69, 128],
'indexed': [72],
'Web': [74],
'Science,': [76],
'(3)': [78],
'viewed': [80],
'by': [81, 120, 235],
'users': [82, 91, 157],
'Unpaywall,': [84],
'open-source': [86],
'browser': [87],
'extension': [88],
'lets': [90],
'find': [92, 154],
'oaDOI.': [96],
'estimate': [98],
'at': [100],
'least': [101],
'28%': [102],
'literature': [106],
'(19M': [109],
'total)': [111],
'proportion': [115],
'growing,': [117],
'driven': [118, 233],
'particularly': [119],
'growth': [121],
'Gold': [123],
'Hybrid.': [125],
'The': [126],
'most': [127, 171],
'year': [129],
'analyzed': [130],
'(2015)': [131],
'also': [132, 204],
'has': [133],
'highest': [135],
'percentage': [136],
'(45%).': [139],
'Because': [140],
'growth,': [143],
'fact': [146],
'readers': [148],
'disproportionately': [149],
'access': [150],
'newer': [151],
'we': [153, 188],
'Unpaywall': [156],
'encounter': [158],
'quite': [160],
'frequently:': [161],
'47%': [162],
'they': [165],
'view': [166],
'are': [167],
'Notably,': [169],
'common': [172],
'mechanism': [173],
'not': [177],
'Gold,': [178],
'Green,': [179],
'or': [180],
'Hybrid': [181, 238],
'OA,': [182],
'but': [183],
'rather': [184],
'under-discussed': [186],
'category': [187],
'dub': [189],
'Bronze:': [190],
'made': [192],
'free-to-read': [193],
'on': [194],
'publisher': [196],
'website,': [197],
'without': [198],
'explicit': [200],
'license.': [202],
'examine': [205],
'citation': [207, 216],
'impact': [208],
'corroborating': [212],
'so-called': [214],
'open-access': [215],
'advantage:': [217],
'accounting': [218],
'age': [220],
'discipline,': [222],
'receive': [225],
'18%': [226],
'more': [227],
'citations': [228],
'than': [229],
'average,': [230],
'effect': [232],
'primarily': [234],
'Green': [236],
'encourage': [241],
'further': [242],
'research': [243],
'free': [246],
'oaDOI': [247],
'service,': [248],
'as': [249],
'way': [251],
'inform': [253],
'policy': [255],
'practice.': [257]},
'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2741809807',
'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 66},
{'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 113},
{'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 103},
{'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 133},
{'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 98},
{'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 42},
{'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 3}],
'updated_date': '2023-10-02T13:57:04.358776',
'created_date': '2017-08-08'}
El resultado es un objeto Work, que es muy similar a un diccionario. Encuentre los campos disponibles con .keys().
Por ejemplo, obtenga el estado de acceso abierto:
In [5]:
Works()["W2741809807"]["open_access"]
Out[5]:
{'is_oa': True,
'oa_status': 'gold',
'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4375',
'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}
Los trabajos anteriores también para Autores, Lugares, Instituciones y Conceptos
In [7]:
Authors()["A5023888391"]
Authors()["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6187-6610"] # Lo mismo
Out[7]:
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5023888391',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6187-6610',
'display_name': 'Jason Priem',
'display_name_alternatives': ['Jason Priem', 'Priem Jason'],
'works_count': 53,
'cited_by_count': 2133,
'summary_stats': {'2yr_mean_citedness': 0.5, 'h_index': 16, 'i10_index': 17},
'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/A5023888391',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6187-6610',
'scopus': 'http://www.scopus.com/inward/authorDetails.url?authorID=36455008000&partnerID=MN8TOARS'},
'last_known_institution': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4200000001',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02nr0ka47',
'display_name': 'OurResearch',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'nonprofit',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4200000001']},
'x_concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198',
'display_name': 'Computer science',
'level': 0,
'score': 96.2},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136764020',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466',
'display_name': 'World Wide Web',
'level': 1,
'score': 73.6},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442',
'display_name': 'Political science',
'level': 0,
'score': 69.8},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C161191863',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655',
'display_name': 'Library science',
'level': 1,
'score': 64.2},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748',
'display_name': 'Law',
'level': 1,
'score': 62.3},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2522767166',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463',
'display_name': 'Data science',
'level': 1,
'score': 58.5},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778407487',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14565201',
'display_name': 'Altmetrics',
'level': 2,
'score': 41.5},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111919701',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135',
'display_name': 'Operating system',
'level': 1,
'score': 39.6},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413',
'display_name': 'Physics',
'level': 0,
'score': 34.0},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144024400',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201',
'display_name': 'Sociology',
'level': 0,
'score': 30.2},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395',
'display_name': 'Mathematics',
'level': 0,
'score': 28.3},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142362112',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735',
'display_name': 'Art',
'level': 0,
'score': 28.3},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778805511',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1713',
'display_name': 'Citation',
'level': 2,
'score': 26.4},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420',
'display_name': 'Biology',
'level': 0,
'score': 24.5},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C124952713',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242',
'display_name': 'Literature',
'level': 1,
'score': 24.5},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C151719136',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3972943',
'display_name': 'Publishing',
'level': 2,
'score': 24.5},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199360897',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143',
'display_name': 'Programming language',
'level': 1,
'score': 24.5},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C124101348',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491',
'display_name': 'Data mining',
'level': 1,
'score': 22.6},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023',
'display_name': 'Engineering',
'level': 0,
'score': 20.8},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134',
'display_name': 'Economics',
'level': 0,
'score': 20.8}],
'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'works_count': 0, 'cited_by_count': 137},
{'year': 2022, 'works_count': 2, 'cited_by_count': 213},
{'year': 2021, 'works_count': 1, 'cited_by_count': 219},
{'year': 2020, 'works_count': 3, 'cited_by_count': 277},
{'year': 2019, 'works_count': 2, 'cited_by_count': 231},
{'year': 2018, 'works_count': 3, 'cited_by_count': 188},
{'year': 2017, 'works_count': 3, 'cited_by_count': 165},
{'year': 2016, 'works_count': 2, 'cited_by_count': 178},
{'year': 2015, 'works_count': 3, 'cited_by_count': 220},
{'year': 2014, 'works_count': 4, 'cited_by_count': 202},
{'year': 2013, 'works_count': 11, 'cited_by_count': 154},
{'year': 2012, 'works_count': 11, 'cited_by_count': 66}],
'works_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=author.id:A5023888391',
'updated_date': '2023-09-29T22:33:54.134877',
'created_date': '2023-07-21'}
Obtener aleatorio
Obtenga una obra, autor, fuente, institución, concepto, editor o financiador aleatorio.
In [8]:
Works().random()
Authors().random()
Sources().random()
Institutions().random()
Concepts().random()
Publishers().random()
Funders().random()
Out[8]:
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/F4320307379',
'display_name': 'National Psoriasis Foundation',
'alternate_titles': ['NPF',
'National Psoriasis Foundation Inc',
'National Psoriasis Foundation/USA',
'National Psoriasis Foundation, Inc.'],
'country_code': 'US',
'description': 'Nonprofit organization',
'homepage_url': 'https://www.psoriasis.org',
'image_url': None,
'image_thumbnail_url': None,
'grants_count': 56,
'works_count': 260,
'cited_by_count': 5436,
'summary_stats': {'2yr_mean_citedness': 6.617021276595745,
'h_index': 37,
'i10_index': 110},
'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/F4320307379',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/005gjjf63',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q6975105',
'crossref': '100003185',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.13039/100003185'},
'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'works_count': 31, 'cited_by_count': 1150},
{'year': 2022, 'works_count': 48, 'cited_by_count': 1462},
{'year': 2021, 'works_count': 49, 'cited_by_count': 1157},
{'year': 2020, 'works_count': 46, 'cited_by_count': 779},
{'year': 2019, 'works_count': 36, 'cited_by_count': 446},
{'year': 2018, 'works_count': 24, 'cited_by_count': 189},
{'year': 2017, 'works_count': 10, 'cited_by_count': 97},
{'year': 2016, 'works_count': 4, 'cited_by_count': 68},
{'year': 2015, 'works_count': 5, 'cited_by_count': 44},
{'year': 2014, 'works_count': 4, 'cited_by_count': 17},
{'year': 2013, 'works_count': 2, 'cited_by_count': 6},
{'year': 2012, 'works_count': 0, 'cited_by_count': 7}],
'roles': [{'role': 'funder',
'id': 'https://openalex.org/F4320307379',
'works_count': 260},
{'role': 'institution',
'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210088895',
'works_count': 131}],
'updated_date': '2023-10-04T06:01:14.799535',
'created_date': '2023-02-13'}
Obtener resumen
Sólo para Obras. Solicite un trabajo de la base de datos OpenAlex:
In [10]:
w = Works()["W3128349626"]
Todos los atributos están disponibles como se documenta en {Works](https://docs.openalex.org/api-entities/works/work-object), así como en abstract (solo si abstract_inverted_index no es None). Este resumen hecho legible por humanos se crea sobre la marcha.
In [11]:
w["abstract"]
Out[11]:
'Abstract To help researchers conduct a systematic review or meta-analysis as efficiently and transparently as possible, we designed a tool to accelerate the step of screening titles and abstracts. For many tasks—including but not limited to systematic reviews and meta-analyses—the scientific literature needs to be checked systematically. Scholars and practitioners currently screen thousands of studies by hand to determine which studies to include in their review or meta-analysis. This is error prone and inefficient because of extremely imbalanced data: only a fraction of the screened studies is relevant. The future of systematic reviewing will be an interaction with machine learning algorithms to deal with the enormous increase of available text. We therefore developed an open source machine learning-aided pipeline applying active learning: ASReview. We demonstrate by means of simulation studies that active learning can yield far more efficient reviewing than manual reviewing while providing high quality. Furthermore, we describe the options of the free and open source research software and present the results from user experience tests. We invite the community to contribute to open source projects such as our own that provide measurable and reproducible improvements over current practice.'
Respete las restricciones legales al utilizar esta función.
Obtener listas de entidades
In [12]:
results = Works().get()
Para listas de entidades, también puede contar la cantidad de registros encontrados en lugar de devolver los resultados. Esto también funciona para filtros y consultas de búsqueda.
In [13]:
Works().count()
# 10338153
Out[13]:
244805456
Para listas de entidades, puede devolver el resultado además de los metadatos. De forma predeterminada, sólo se devuelven los resultados.
In [14]:
results, meta = Concepts().get(return_meta=True)
In [17]:
print(meta)
{'count': 65073, 'db_response_time_ms': 31, 'page': 1, 'per_page': 25}
Filtrar registros
In [18]:
Works().filter(publication_year=2020, is_oa=True).get()
Out[18]:
[{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3001118548',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30183-5',
'title': 'Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China',
'display_name': 'Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China',
'publication_year': 2020,
'publication_date': '2020-02-01',
'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3001118548',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30183-5',
'mag': '3001118548',
'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31986264',
'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7159299'},
'language': 'en',
'primary_location': {'is_oa': True,
'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30183-5',
'pdf_url': 'http://www.thelancet.com/article/S0140673620301835/pdf',
'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S49861241',
'display_name': 'The Lancet',
'issn_l': '0140-6736',
'issn': ['1474-547X', '0099-5355', '0140-6736'],
'is_oa': False,
'is_in_doaj': False,
'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990',
'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV',
'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'],
'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'],
'type': 'journal'},
'license': None,
'version': 'publishedVersion',
'is_accepted': True,
'is_published': True},
'type': 'article',
'type_crossref': 'journal-article',
'open_access': {'is_oa': True,
'oa_status': 'bronze',
'oa_url': 'http://www.thelancet.com/article/S0140673620301835/pdf',
'any_repository_has_fulltext': True},
'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5021557852',
'display_name': 'Chaolin Huang',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6829-9235'},
'institutions': [],
'countries': ['CN'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Chaolin Huang',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan, China',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan, China']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5008453760',
'display_name': 'Yeming Wang',
'orcid': None},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I200296433',
'display_name': 'Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02drdmm93',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I200296433']},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2801051648',
'display_name': 'China-Japan Friendship Hospital',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/037cjxp13',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'healthcare',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2801051648']},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I183519381',
'display_name': 'Capital Medical University',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/013xs5b60',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I183519381']}],
'countries': ['CN'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Yeming Wang',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China',
'Department of Respiratory Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China',
'Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5076986736',
'display_name': 'Xingwang Li',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0907-6517'},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210150338',
'display_name': 'Beijing Ditan Hospital',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/05kkkes98',
'country_code': 'CN',
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En el caso de filtros de atributos anidados, utilice un dict para crear la consulta.
In [21]:
Works().filter(authorships={"institutions": {"ror": "04pp8hn57"}}).get()
Out[21]:
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611,
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366,
945,
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996,
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301,
436,
820,
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353,
1031,
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2831,
3992,
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'Wieschaus,': [257],
'1980Nüsslein-Volhard': [258],
'C.': [259,
770,
1144,
1519,
1523,
1664,
1855,
2179,
2275,
2699,
2784,
2969,
2971,
3032,
3503,
3700],
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'E.': [261, 293, 424, 500, 1372, 1853, 2110, 2857, 4048, 4280],
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'affecting': [263],
'Drosophila.Nature.': [269, 481],
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'287:': [271],
'795-801Crossref': [272],
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'fly': [281, 333],
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461,
491,
645,
714,
765,
857,
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1560,
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1846,
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2262,
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2771,
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3072,
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3258,
3486,
3525,
3636,
3683,
3895,
4045,
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715,
766,
858,
896,
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1138,
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1972,
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2169,
2263,
2404,
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2592,
2687,
2772,
2839,
2904,
2959,
3012,
3073,
3114,
3152,
3198,
3259,
3487,
3526,
3637,
3684,
3896,
4046,
4272],
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'F.': [289, 2183],
'Schuermann': [290],
'M.': [291,
494,
498,
774,
780,
1146,
1243,
1569,
1976,
2035,
2098,
2173,
2410,
2843,
2851,
3022,
3154,
3203,
4274],
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'Parren': [294],
'P.': [295,
876,
916,
965,
1525,
1974,
2033,
2782,
2859,
3030,
3124,
3499,
3696],
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'D.': [297,
496,
778,
878,
1484,
1521,
1567,
1849,
1986,
2045,
2108,
2471,
3028,
3130],
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'int-1': [308, 539],
'identical': [310],
'gene': [315, 843, 970, 1167, 1436, 1598, 1614, 2932, 4296],
'wingless.Cell.': [316],
'1987;': [317],
'50:': [318],
'649-657Abstract': [319],
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'epidermis': [329],
'wg': [331, 361, 384],
'mutant': [332, 385],
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'severely': [336],
'impaired': [337],
'evidenced': [339],
'abnormalities': [341, 382, 2662],
'overlying': [344],
'ventral': [345, 575],
'cuticle.': [346, 398],
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'wild-type': [351],
'cuticle,': [352],
'exhibits': [354],
'alternating': [355],
'denticle': [356],
'naked': [358, 397],
'belts,': [359],
'cuticle': [362, 381, 402],
'completely': [364],
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'denticles.': [367],
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'porcupine,': [374, 1443],
'dishevelled,': [375],
'armadillo': [377, 473, 4297],
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'similar': [380, 4303],
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'Chou': [425],
'T.B.': [426],
'Perrimon': [427, 467],
'N.': [428, 468, 1565, 3075],
'Wingless': [429, 501, 1865, 2003, 2062, 2122],
'acts': [431, 3066, 3771],
'through': [432, 2432, 3474, 3614, 3739],
'zeste-white': [433],
'3,': [434],
'glycogen': [439, 633, 655],
'synthase': [440, 634, 656, 727],
'kinase-3,': [441],
'regulate': [443, 3040],
'engrailed': [444],
'establish': [446],
'cell': [447, 1201, 1393, 1639, 1941, 2208, 3416, 3419],
'fate.Cell.': [448],
'1992;': [449, 4307],
'71:': [450],
'1167-1179Abstract': [451],
'Scopus': [456,
486,
679,
709,
811,
1177,
1276,
1400,
1428,
1510,
1554,
1589,
1723,
1804,
1871,
1949,
2009,
2068,
2128,
2163,
2198,
2257,
2303,
2425,
2493,
2584,
2621,
2736,
2811,
2874,
2940,
2992,
3047,
3101,
3146,
3176,
3234,
3295,
3335,
3425,
3520,
3558,
3669,
3717,
3828,
3920,
4078,
4234,
4311],
'(243)': [457],
'Scholar,': [459, 489, 682, 712, 893, 979, 2166, 2260, 3149, 3523],
'Noordermeer': [460],
'1994Noordermeer': [463],
'J.': [464,
466,
786,
912,
1148,
1988,
2047,
2144,
2227,
2600,
2697,
2709,
2845,
3020,
3126,
3277,
3493,
3495,
3542,
3653,
3690,
3692,
3902,
3915],
'Klingensmith': [465],
'Dishevelled': [471, 620, 2517],
'act': [474, 1390, 1765, 3946, 3955],
'1994;': [482, 516],
'367:': [483],
'80-83Crossref': [484],
'(224)': [487],
'Peifer': [490],
'1994Peifer': [493],
'Sweeton': [495],
'Casey': [497],
'Zeste-white': [504],
'kinase': [506,
635,
657,
2364,
2454,
2527,
3390,
3505,
3588,
3678,
3702,
3794,
3814,
4220],
'trigger': [507],
'opposing': [508],
'changes': [509, 4122, 4165],
'intracellular': [512, 1675],
'distribution': [513, 3212],
'Armadillo.Development.': [515],
'120:': [517, 803],
'369-380Crossref': [518],
'1989,': [523],
'McMahon': [524],
'Moon': [526, 532, 1263],
'(McMahon': [527],
'Moon,': [529, 1260],
'1989McMahon': [530],
'A.P.': [531, 2967],
'R.T.': [533, 1264],
'Ectopic': [534],
'expression': [535, 2349, 4008],
'Xenopus': [541, 567, 669, 701, 733, 753, 800, 822, 2799],
'leads': [543],
'duplication': [545, 561, 615],
'axis.Cell.': [549],
'1989;': [550],
'58:': [551],
'1075-1084Abstract': [552],
'Scholar)': [558, 2071, 2131, 2587, 3338, 3672, 4081, 4237],
'observed': [559],
'body': [564],
'axis': [565, 666, 750, 797, 2613],
'following': [568],
'injection': [569],
'mRNA': [573],
'into': [574, 1035],
'blastomeres': [576],
'at': [579, 1057, 3845],
'4-cell': [581],
'stage.': [582],
'This': [583, 1004, 1076, 1280, 1346],
'observation': [584, 1005],
'supported': [585],
'notion': [587],
'shared': [592],
'between': [593, 1010, 1746, 4002],
'vertebrates': [594, 2137],
'invertebrates': [596],
'and,': [597],
'moreover,': [598],
'provided': [599, 1006],
'rapid': [601, 3889, 4092],
'convenient': [603],
'assay': [604],
'study': [606],
'components': [607, 4170],
'vertebrates.': [613],
'Axis': [614],
'(Dsh),': [621],
'β-catenin': [622,
946,
2769,
2836,
3387,
3844,
3860,
3883,
4146,
4238,
4344,
4353,
4374],
'(the': [623, 1071],
'vertebrate': [624, 639, 4284],
'armadillo),': [627],
'dominant-negative': [630],
'version': [631],
'(GSK3),': [637],
'(Dominguez': [644],
'1995Dominguez': [647],
'I.': [648, 898, 955, 2602, 2780],
'Itoh': [649],
'K.': [650,
910,
1142,
1368,
1406,
1529,
1563,
2102,
2171,
2273,
2707,
3156,
3530,
3641],
'Sokol': [651],
'S.Y.': [652],
'Role': [653],
'beta': [659],
'negative': [662],
'regulator': [663],
'dorsoventral': [665, 730],
'formation': [667, 798, 1712],
'embryos.Proc.': [670],
'Natl.': [671],
'Acad.': [672],
'Sci.': [673, 1418],
'USA.': [674],
'1995;': [675, 705, 735],
'92:': [676],
'8498-8502Crossref': [677],
'(240)': [680],
'Guger': [683],
'Gumbiner,': [685],
'1995Guger': [686],
'K.A.': [687, 2841],
'Gumbiner': [688, 4281],
'B.M.': [689, 3024, 4282],
'Beta-Catenin': [690],
'Wnt-like': [692],
'activity': [693, 1775, 4019, 4127],
'mimics': [695],
'Nieuwkoop': [697],
'center': [699],
'dorsal-ventral': [702],
'patterning.Dev.': [703],
'Biol.': [704, 1504, 1799, 2579, 2934, 3140, 3170, 3228, 3330, 4073, 4306],
'172:': [706],
'115-125Crossref': [707],
'(112)': [710],
'He': [713, 2186, 3157, 3543, 3654],
'1995He': [716],
'X.': [717, 784, 1934, 2187, 2594, 3116, 3158, 3528, 3544, 3639, 3655],
'Saint-Jeannet': [718, 2184, 2595],
'J.P.': [719, 1984, 2043, 2185, 2596],
'Woodgett': [720, 3541, 3652],
'J.R.': [721, 1381],
'Dawid': [724, 2601, 3274],
'I.B.': [725, 3275],
'Glycogen': [726],
'kinase-3': [728],
'patterning': [731, 1131],
'embryos.Nature.': [734],
'374:': [736],
'617-622Crossref': [737],
'Although': [741, 1331, 2331, 3958],
'long': [742],
'elusive,': [743],
'specific': [745, 3977],
'triggers': [749],
'induction': [751, 2614],
'Wnt11': [757],
'Heasman': [759, 785],
'colleagues': [761],
'year': [763],
'(Tao': [764],
'2005Tao': [767],
'Q.': [768, 2689],
'Yokota': [769],
'Puck': [771],
'H.': [772,
906,
1851,
2604,
2965,
3026,
3120,
3536,
3540,
3647,
3651,
3898],
'Kofron': [773],
'Birsoy': [775],
'B.': [776, 866, 951, 953, 986, 1157, 2469, 2855, 3014, 3200, 3532, 3643],
'Yan': [777],
'Asashima': [779],
'Wylie': [781],
'C.C.': [782],
'Lin': [783],
'Maternal': [787],
'wnt11': [788],
'activates': [789, 2570, 2676, 3367],
'canonical': [791,
1195,
1213,
1295,
1310,
2521,
2543,
2554,
2678,
2745,
3137,
3369,
3750],
'wnt': [792, 1415, 1540, 1572],
'required': [795, 1437, 1861, 2235, 2354, 2478, 2797, 4139],
'embryos.Cell.': [801],
'2005;': [802,
1173,
1252,
1272,
1867,
2870,
3142,
3172,
3421,
3516,
3554,
3665,
3713],
'857-871Abstract': [804],
'(263)': [812],
'combined': [816],
'observations': [817, 3960],
'made': [818],
'delineated': [823],
'highly': [825, 3849, 4331, 4389],
'conserved': [826, 1037, 1328, 1532, 1577, 1597, 1622, 1678, 3850],
'pathway,': [828, 1204, 2546, 4202],
'activated': [829, 1189],
'proteins.': [833, 1908, 2755],
'Independent': [834],
'studies,': [837],
'adenomatous': [839, 853],
'polyposis': [840, 854],
'coli': [841],
'(APC)': [842],
'discovered': [845],
'syndrome': [850],
'termed': [851, 1442],
'familial': [852],
'(FAP)': [855],
'(Kinzler': [856],
'1991Kinzler': [859],
'K.W.': [860, 988],
'Nilbert': [861],
'M.C.': [862, 1705],
'Su': [863, 980],
'L.K.': [864, 984],
'Vogelstein': [865, 985],
'Bryan': [867],
'T.M.': [868],
'Levy': [869],
'D.B.': [870],
'Smith': [871, 2909, 3084],
'K.J.': [872, 4278],
'Preisinger': [873],
'A.C.': [874],
'Hedge': [875, 915],
'McKechnie': [877],
'al.Identification': [880],
'FAP': [882, 923],
'locus': [883],
'from': [885, 1542, 1623, 1679, 1828, 1998, 2057, 2366, 4064, 4121],
'chromosome': [886, 919],
'5q21.Science.': [887],
'1991;': [888, 928],
'253:': [889, 929],
'661-665Crossref': [890],
'Nishisho': [894],
'1991Nishisho': [897],
'Nakamura': [899],
'Y.': [900, 902, 904, 1982, 2041, 2175, 2181, 2598, 2691, 2853, 3118],
'Miyoshi': [901],
'Miki': [903],
'Ando': [905],
'Horii': [907],
'A.': [908,
1140,
1155,
2112,
2693,
2776,
2961,
3081,
3267,
3501,
3698,
3900,
3904,
4050],
'Koyama': [909],
'Utsunomiya': [911],
'Baba': [913],
'S.': [914,
963,
1486,
1857,
2106,
2114,
2146,
2271,
2406,
2912,
3079,
3205,
3534,
3645],
'5q21': [920],
'colorectal': [925],
'patients.Science.': [927],
'665-669Crossref': [930],
'Soon': [934],
'after,': [935],
'large': [937],
'cytoplasmic': [938, 3381, 3481, 3513, 3571, 3710, 3756, 4149, 4262, 4373],
'APC': [939, 969, 992, 3966, 3980, 4016, 4026, 4060, 4137, 4153, 4382],
'interact': [944, 2888, 3377],
'(Rubinfeld': [947],
'1993Rubinfeld': [950],
'Souza': [952],
'Albert': [954],
'Muller': [956],
'O.': [957, 1707, 2774],
'Chamberlain': [958],
'S.H.': [959],
'Masiarz': [960],
'F.R.': [961],
'Munemitsu': [962],
'Polakis': [964],
'Association': [966, 989],
'product': [971],
'beta-catenin.Science.': [973],
'1993;': [974, 998],
'262:': [975, 999],
'1731-1734Crossref': [976],
'1993Su': [983],
'Kinzler': [987],
'suppressor': [994, 3768, 3788],
'catenins.Science.': [997],
'1734-1737Crossref': [1000],
'first': [1008, 4354],
'connection': [1009],
'human': [1015, 1248, 2864],
'cancer.': [1016, 1318],
'Genome': [1017],
'sequencing': [1018],
'since': [1020],
'revealed': [1021, 1666],
'mammalian': [1023, 2505],
'species': [1024],
'have': [1025, 1045, 3465],
'roughly': [1026],
'20': [1027, 3987],
'proteins,': [1030, 1957],
'can': [1032, 1389, 2023, 2537, 2550, 2886, 3375, 4156],
'divided': [1034],
'12': [1036],
'subfamilies.': [1039],
'Of': [1040, 1209],
'these,': [1041],
'only': [1042, 4028, 4386],
'6': [1043],
'subfamilies': [1044, 1063, 1082],
'counterparts': [1046],
'ecdysozoan': [1048, 1090],
'animals': [1049, 1107],
'such': [1050, 4267],
'Caenorhabditis.': [1054],
'contrast,': [1056],
'least': [1058, 2626],
'11': [1059],
'occur': [1064],
'genome': [1067],
'cnidarian': [1070],
'sea': [1072, 1171],
'anemone': [1073],
'Nematostella': [1074],
'vectensis).': [1075],
'finding': [1077],
'suggests': [1078],
'some': [1080],
'were': [1083],
'lost': [1084],
'evolution': [1087],
'lineage': [1091],
'but': [1092],
'more': [1093, 3810, 4216],
'importantly': [1094],
'reveals': [1095],
'complex': [1098, 1672, 1734, 3366, 3777, 3953],
'inventory': [1099],
'factors': [1102, 2636, 2644, 2741],
'present': [1104],
'multicellular': [1106],
'well': [1108],
'before': [1109],
'Cambrian': [1111],
'explosion': [1112],
'(550': [1113],
'million': [1114],
'years': [1115],
'ago).': [1116],
'Thus,': [1117, 1459, 1833],
'comparative': [1118],
'genomic': [1119],
'underscores': [1121],
'crucial': [1123],
'role': [1124, 1894, 2311, 3224, 3964, 4242],
'play': [1128],
'organismal': [1130],
'throughout': [1132],
'kingdom': [1135],
'(Kusserow': [1136],
'2005Kusserow': [1139],
'Pang': [1141],
'Sturm': [1143],
'Hrouda': [1145],
'Lentferm': [1147],
'Schmidt': [1149],
'H.A.': [1150],
'Technau': [1151],
'U.': [1152, 3497, 3694],
'von': [1153],
'Haeseler': [1154],
'Hobmayer': [1156],
'Martindale': [1158],
'M.Q.': [1159],
'Holstein': [1160],
'T.W.': [1161],
'Unexpected': [1162],
'complexity': [1163],
'family': [1168,
1997,
2056,
2088,
2244,
2611,
2917,
2979,
3109,
3192,
3605,
3816,
4222,
4301],
'anemone.Nature.': [1172],
'433:': [1174],
'156-160Crossref': [1175],
'(262)': [1178],
'Currently,': [1181],
'three': [1182],
'different': [1183],
'pathways': [1184],
'believed': [1186, 1467, 3303],
'upon': [1190],
'receptor': [1192, 1742, 2243, 2365, 2447, 2577, 3510, 3707, 3834],
'activation:': [1193],
'Wnt/β-catenin': [1196, 2522],
'cascade,': [1197],
'noncanonical': [1199],
'planar': [1200],
'(PCP)': [1203],
'Wnt/Ca2+': [1207],
'pathway.': [1208, 2524, 3937],
'three,': [1211],
'best': [1216],
'understood': [1217],
'primary': [1221],
'subject': [1222, 4394],
'this': [1224, 2444, 2997, 3776, 4387],
'review.': [1225],
'For': [1226, 1909, 4192],
'recent': [1227, 4209],
'comprehensive': [1228, 4194],
'overviews': [1229],
'on': [1230, 2212, 2576, 2866, 3341, 3975],
'pathways,': [1235, 4111],
'reader': [1237, 4204],
'referred': [1239, 4206],
'Katoh,': [1241],
'2005Katoh': [1242],
'WNT/PCP': [1244],
'(review).Oncol.': [1250],
'Rep.': [1251],
'14:': [1253],
'1583-1588PubMed': [1254],
'Scholar': [1256, 1431, 1557, 1592, 2496],
'Kohn': [1258],
'2005Kohn': [1261],
'A.D.': [1262],
'calcium': [1267],
'signaling:': [1268],
'β-Catenin-independent': [1269],
'pathways.Cell': [1270],
'Calcium.': [1271],
'38:': [1273],
'439-446Crossref': [1274],
'(286)': [1277],
'Scholar.': [1279],
'review': [1281, 1304, 4210],
'discusses': [1282],
'how': [1283, 1291, 1812, 3449, 3455],
'produced': [1287],
'they': [1292, 1342, 2394, 3945, 3954],
'activate': [1293, 2519, 2552, 2637, 2743, 2768, 2898, 2930],
'recipient': [1300],
'cells.': [1301],
'Further,': [1302],
'examines': [1305],
'roles': [1307, 3933, 4058],
'development,': [1314],
'tissue': [1315, 3211],
'self-renewal,': [1316],
'characterized': [1322, 2659],
'high': [1325, 2671],
'residues.': [1330],
'carry': [1334],
'an': [1335, 1964, 2117, 2231, 2284, 2371, 2682, 3412, 3962, 4256],
'N-terminal': [1336, 1966],
'peptide': [1338],
'secreted,': [1341],
'relatively': [1344],
'insoluble.': [1345],
'insolubility': [1347],
'been': [1349, 2335, 2818, 4134],
'attributed': [1350],
'particular': [1353],
'modification,': [1355],
'palmitoylation,': [1357],
'essential': [1360, 1601, 1685, 2120, 2287, 3620, 3963, 4029, 4257],
'function': [1363, 1715, 3305],
'(Willert': [1364],
'2003Willert': [1367],
'Brown': [1369, 2272],
'J.D.': [1370],
'Danenberg': [1371],
'Duncan': [1373],
'A.W.': [1374],
'Weissman': [1375],
'I.L.': [1376],
'Reya': [1377],
'T.': [1378, 2279, 2847, 2849],
'Yates': [1379],
'3rd,': [1380],
'lipid-modified': [1387],
'stem': [1392],
'growth': [1394],
'factors.Nature.': [1395],
'2003;': [1396, 2248, 2294, 2421, 3097, 4074],
'423:': [1397],
'448-452Crossref': [1398],
'(1088)': [1401],
'Hofmann,': [1404],
'2000Hofmann': [1405],
'superfamily': [1408],
'membrane-bound': [1410],
'O-acyltransferases': [1411],
'implications': [1413],
'signaling.Trends': [1416],
'Biochem.': [1417],
'2000;': [1419, 2124, 2159, 2194],
'25:': [1420],
'111-112Abstract': [1421],
'(215)': [1429],
'reported': [1432],
'Wnt-secreting': [1440],
'cell,': [1441],
'displays': [1444],
'homology': [1445],
'acyl-transferases,': [1447],
'enzymes': [1448, 1923],
'acylate': [1450],
'substrates': [1454],
'endoplasmic': [1457, 2232],
'reticulum.': [1458],
'porcupine': [1460],
'its': [1462, 2433, 3854, 3976],
'worm': [1463],
'mom-1': [1465],
'enzyme': [1471],
'responsible': [1474],
'palmitoylation': [1477],
'(Zhai': [1478],
'2004Zhai': [1481],
'L.': [1482, 2104, 2267, 2269, 2703, 3263],
'Chaturvedi': [1483],
'Cumberledge': [1485],
'wnt-1': [1488],
'undergoes': [1489],
'hydrophobic': [1491],
'modification': [1492],
'targeted': [1495, 3887],
'lipid': [1497, 1831],
'rafts,': [1498],
'process': [1500, 2830],
'requires': [1502, 1574, 1713],
'porcupine.J.': [1503],
'Chem.': [1505, 2935, 3141, 3171, 3229],
'2004;': [1506, 1800, 1945, 2484, 2727, 2802, 3331],
'279:': [1507],
'33220-33227Crossref': [1508],
'(116)': [1511],
'Recently,': [1514],
'Banziger': [1515],
'2006Banziger': [1518],
'Soldini': [1520],
'Schutt': [1522],
'Zipperlen': [1524],
'Hausmann': [1526],
'G.': [1527, 1703, 3018, 3489, 3686],
'Basler': [1528],
'Wntless,': [1530],
'membrane': [1533, 3613, 3726],
'dedicated': [1535, 1754, 3875],
'secretion': [1538, 1688, 1757, 3354],
'cells.Cell.': [1544],
'2006;': [1545, 1580, 1719, 2580, 2936, 3824, 4230],
'125:': [1546, 1581],
'509-522Abstract': [1547],
'(182)': [1555],
'Bartscherer': [1559],
'2006Bartscherer': [1562],
'Pelte': [1564],
'Ingelfinger': [1566],
'Boutros': [1568],
'Secretion': [1570],
'ligands': [1573, 2921],
'evi,': [1575],
'transmembrane': [1578, 1618, 1961, 2083, 2362, 3006, 3254],
'protein.Cell.': [1579],
'523-533Abstract': [1582],
'(185)': [1590],
'uncovered': [1593],
'another': [1596, 3003],
'secretion,': [1604],
'wntless': [1606],
'(wls)': [1607],
'evenness': [1609],
'interrupted': [1610],
'(evi),': [1611],
'respectively.': [1612],
'encodes': [1615, 2116, 2283],
'seven-pass': [1617, 1960],
'worms': [1624],
'(mom-3)': [1625],
'man': [1627],
'(hWLS).': [1628],
'absence': [1631],
'Wls/evi,': [1633],
'Wnts': [1634, 1834, 1876, 1953, 2766, 3562],
'retained': [1636],
'inside': [1637],
'produces': [1641],
'them.': [1642],
'Wntless': [1644],
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Buscar entidades
Referencia de OpenAlex: el parámetro de búsqueda
In [22]:
Works().search("fierce creatures").get()
Out[22]:
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Filtro de búsqueda
Referencia de OpenAlex: El filtro de búsqueda
In [23]:
Authors().search_filter(display_name="einstein").get()
Out[23]:
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In [24]:
Works().search_filter(title="cubist").get()
Out[24]:
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In [25]:
Funders().search_filter(display_name="health").get()
Out[25]:
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'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001505'},
'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023,
'works_count': 268,
'cited_by_count': 12450},
{'year': 2022, 'works_count': 454, 'cited_by_count': 15860},
{'year': 2021, 'works_count': 493, 'cited_by_count': 13709},
{'year': 2020, 'works_count': 476, 'cited_by_count': 10080},
{'year': 2019, 'works_count': 389, 'cited_by_count': 6785},
{'year': 2018, 'works_count': 356, 'cited_by_count': 4474},
{'year': 2017, 'works_count': 306, 'cited_by_count': 2942},
{'year': 2016, 'works_count': 203, 'cited_by_count': 2028},
{'year': 2015, 'works_count': 148, 'cited_by_count': 1507},
{'year': 2014, 'works_count': 87, 'cited_by_count': 1061},
{'year': 2013, 'works_count': 39, 'cited_by_count': 834},
{'year': 2012, 'works_count': 37, 'cited_by_count': 655}],
'roles': [{'role': 'funder',
'id': 'https://openalex.org/F4320334749',
'works_count': 3351},
{'role': 'institution',
'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802378004',
'works_count': 591}],
'updated_date': '2023-10-04T05:44:08.482966',
'created_date': '2023-02-13'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/F4320335055',
'display_name': 'Health and Medical Research Fund',
'alternate_titles': ['HMRF'],
'country_code': 'HK',
'description': 'bureau of the Hong Kong Government',
'homepage_url': 'http://www.fhb.gov.hk',
'image_url': 'https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Redirect/file/Regional Emblem of Hong Kong.svg',
'image_thumbnail_url': 'https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Redirect/file/Regional Emblem of Hong Kong.svg&width=300',
'relevance_score': 2467.1296,
'grants_count': 1128,
'works_count': 1944,
'cited_by_count': 61762,
'summary_stats': {'2yr_mean_citedness': 13.126829268292683,
'h_index': 88,
'i10_index': 976},
'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/F4320335055',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/03qh32912',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2303511',
'crossref': '501100005847',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.13039/501100005847'},
'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023,
'works_count': 228,
'cited_by_count': 11125},
{'year': 2022, 'works_count': 356, 'cited_by_count': 14903},
{'year': 2021, 'works_count': 339, 'cited_by_count': 15174},
{'year': 2020, 'works_count': 278, 'cited_by_count': 13959},
{'year': 2019, 'works_count': 233, 'cited_by_count': 3145},
{'year': 2018, 'works_count': 202, 'cited_by_count': 1688},
{'year': 2017, 'works_count': 145, 'cited_by_count': 911},
{'year': 2016, 'works_count': 100, 'cited_by_count': 390},
{'year': 2015, 'works_count': 42, 'cited_by_count': 161},
{'year': 2014, 'works_count': 12, 'cited_by_count': 87},
{'year': 2013, 'works_count': 8, 'cited_by_count': 43},
{'year': 2012, 'works_count': 0, 'cited_by_count': 23}],
'roles': [{'role': 'funder',
'id': 'https://openalex.org/F4320335055',
'works_count': 1944},
{'role': 'institution',
'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2800501823',
'works_count': 226}],
'updated_date': '2023-10-04T05:23:09.533755',
'created_date': '2023-02-13'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/F4320322845',
'display_name': 'National Health Research Institutes',
'alternate_titles': ['NHRI'],
'country_code': 'TW',
'description': None,
'homepage_url': 'http://english.nhri.org.tw/NHRI_WEB/nhriw001Action.do',
'image_url': None,
'image_thumbnail_url': None,
'relevance_score': 2449.1511,
'grants_count': 2281,
'works_count': 2607,
'cited_by_count': 50980,
'summary_stats': {'2yr_mean_citedness': 5.0625909752547305,
'h_index': 82,
'i10_index': 1281},
'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/F4320322845',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02r6fpx29',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q6973008',
'crossref': '501100004737',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004737'},
'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023,
'works_count': 225,
'cited_by_count': 7914},
{'year': 2022, 'works_count': 312, 'cited_by_count': 9991},
{'year': 2021, 'works_count': 341, 'cited_by_count': 9441},
{'year': 2020, 'works_count': 347, 'cited_by_count': 7612},
{'year': 2019, 'works_count': 302, 'cited_by_count': 4403},
{'year': 2018, 'works_count': 255, 'cited_by_count': 3066},
{'year': 2017, 'works_count': 211, 'cited_by_count': 2384},
{'year': 2016, 'works_count': 189, 'cited_by_count': 1692},
{'year': 2015, 'works_count': 147, 'cited_by_count': 1176},
{'year': 2014, 'works_count': 89, 'cited_by_count': 839},
{'year': 2013, 'works_count': 61, 'cited_by_count': 699},
{'year': 2012, 'works_count': 40, 'cited_by_count': 459}],
'roles': [{'role': 'institution',
'id': 'https://openalex.org/I165441096',
'works_count': 10415},
{'role': 'funder',
'id': 'https://openalex.org/F4320322845',
'works_count': 2607}],
'updated_date': '2023-10-04T06:44:36.744228',
'created_date': '2023-02-13'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/F4320319965',
'display_name': 'Michael Smith Health Research BC',
'alternate_titles': ['Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research',
'MSFHR'],
'country_code': 'CA',
'description': None,
'homepage_url': 'http://www.msfhr.org',
'image_url': None,
'image_thumbnail_url': None,
'relevance_score': 2303.327,
'grants_count': 470,
'works_count': 2358,
'cited_by_count': 53833,
'summary_stats': {'2yr_mean_citedness': 5.4895209580838324,
'h_index': 93,
'i10_index': 1165},
'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/F4320319965',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/020x39229',
'crossref': '501100000245',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000245'},
'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023,
'works_count': 206,
'cited_by_count': 8419},
{'year': 2022, 'works_count': 329, 'cited_by_count': 9942},
{'year': 2021, 'works_count': 383, 'cited_by_count': 8639},
{'year': 2020, 'works_count': 288, 'cited_by_count': 6363},
{'year': 2019, 'works_count': 241, 'cited_by_count': 4506},
{'year': 2018, 'works_count': 210, 'cited_by_count': 3562},
{'year': 2017, 'works_count': 160, 'cited_by_count': 2830},
{'year': 2016, 'works_count': 144, 'cited_by_count': 2334},
{'year': 2015, 'works_count': 120, 'cited_by_count': 1870},
{'year': 2014, 'works_count': 67, 'cited_by_count': 1527},
{'year': 2013, 'works_count': 41, 'cited_by_count': 1220},
{'year': 2012, 'works_count': 40, 'cited_by_count': 927}],
'roles': [{'role': 'institution',
'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210109318',
'works_count': 244},
{'role': 'funder',
'id': 'https://openalex.org/F4320319965',
'works_count': 2358}],
'updated_date': '2023-10-04T06:35:04.821583',
'created_date': '2023-02-13'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/F4320319927',
'display_name': 'Alberta Innovates - Health Solutions',
'alternate_titles': ['AIHS'],
'country_code': 'CA',
'description': None,
'homepage_url': 'http://albertainnovates.ca',
'image_url': None,
'image_thumbnail_url': None,
'relevance_score': 2209.493,
'grants_count': 295,
'works_count': 1416,
'cited_by_count': 41491,
'summary_stats': {'2yr_mean_citedness': 4.852941176470588,
'h_index': 84,
'i10_index': 940},
'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/F4320319927',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/00ynafe15',
'crossref': '501100000145',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000145'},
'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'works_count': 25, 'cited_by_count': 5338},
{'year': 2022, 'works_count': 56, 'cited_by_count': 7059},
{'year': 2021, 'works_count': 96, 'cited_by_count': 7588},
{'year': 2020, 'works_count': 109, 'cited_by_count': 6300},
{'year': 2019, 'works_count': 162, 'cited_by_count': 4945},
{'year': 2018, 'works_count': 223, 'cited_by_count': 3812},
{'year': 2017, 'works_count': 231, 'cited_by_count': 2700},
{'year': 2016, 'works_count': 203, 'cited_by_count': 1751},
{'year': 2015, 'works_count': 157, 'cited_by_count': 984},
{'year': 2014, 'works_count': 67, 'cited_by_count': 530},
{'year': 2013, 'works_count': 47, 'cited_by_count': 318},
{'year': 2012, 'works_count': 21, 'cited_by_count': 85}],
'roles': [{'role': 'institution',
'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210098300',
'works_count': 612},
{'role': 'funder',
'id': 'https://openalex.org/F4320319927',
'works_count': 1416}],
'updated_date': '2023-10-04T05:47:15.401991',
'created_date': '2023-02-13'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/F4320319994',
'display_name': 'Department of Health and Social Care',
'alternate_titles': ['DH', 'Department of Health & Social Care'],
'country_code': 'GB',
'description': 'United Kingdom government ministerial department',
'homepage_url': 'https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-of-health-and-social-care',
'image_url': 'https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Redirect/file/Department.of.health.london.arp.jpg',
'image_thumbnail_url': 'https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Redirect/file/Department.of.health.london.arp.jpg&width=300',
'relevance_score': 2191.8196,
'grants_count': 526,
'works_count': 1806,
'cited_by_count': 57365,
'summary_stats': {'2yr_mean_citedness': 12.571428571428571,
'h_index': 101,
'i10_index': 1030},
'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/F4320319994',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/03sbpja79',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3044742',
'crossref': '501100000276',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000276'},
'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023,
'works_count': 183,
'cited_by_count': 8076},
{'year': 2022, 'works_count': 192, 'cited_by_count': 10595},
{'year': 2021, 'works_count': 196, 'cited_by_count': 9676},
{'year': 2020, 'works_count': 107, 'cited_by_count': 7854},
{'year': 2019, 'works_count': 113, 'cited_by_count': 5356},
{'year': 2018, 'works_count': 167, 'cited_by_count': 4407},
{'year': 2017, 'works_count': 182, 'cited_by_count': 3409},
{'year': 2016, 'works_count': 144, 'cited_by_count': 2622},
{'year': 2015, 'works_count': 131, 'cited_by_count': 2028},
{'year': 2014, 'works_count': 199, 'cited_by_count': 1092},
{'year': 2013, 'works_count': 102, 'cited_by_count': 608},
{'year': 2012, 'works_count': 30, 'cited_by_count': 441}],
'roles': [{'role': 'institution',
'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1311074006',
'works_count': 314},
{'role': 'funder',
'id': 'https://openalex.org/F4320319994',
'works_count': 1806}],
'updated_date': '2023-10-04T06:07:37.770911',
'created_date': '2023-02-13'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/F4320332175',
'display_name': 'Health Resources and Services Administration',
'alternate_titles': ['Tài nguyên Y tế và Dịch vụ Quản trị',
'保健資源およびサービス管理 保',
'Administration des ressources et des services de santé',
'Health Resources & Services Administration',
'منابع و مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی',
'Administración de Recursos y Servicios de Salud',
'есурсов и служб здравоохранения администрации',
'Resous ak Sèvis Sante Administrasyon',
'HRSA',
'Gesundheitsressourcen und Dienstleistungen Verwaltung',
'Salute Risorse e Servizi Amministrazione',
'Zasoby i usługi zdrowotne Administracja',
'Administração de Recursos e Serviços de Saúde',
'卫生资源和服务管理局',
'보건 자원 및 서비스 관리'],
'country_code': 'US',
'description': 'department of the US federal government',
'homepage_url': 'http://www.hhs.gov',
'image_url': 'https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Redirect/file/US-DeptOfHHS-Logo.svg',
'image_thumbnail_url': 'https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Redirect/file/US-DeptOfHHS-Logo.svg&width=300',
'relevance_score': 2011.841,
'grants_count': 1358,
'works_count': 2979,
'cited_by_count': 41070,
'summary_stats': {'2yr_mean_citedness': 3.764705882352941,
'h_index': 80,
'i10_index': 1061},
'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/F4320332175',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/033jnv181',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q942326',
'crossref': '100000102',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.13039/100000102'},
'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023,
'works_count': 355,
'cited_by_count': 7286},
{'year': 2022, 'works_count': 400, 'cited_by_count': 8812},
{'year': 2021, 'works_count': 468, 'cited_by_count': 7457},
{'year': 2020, 'works_count': 420, 'cited_by_count': 5408},
{'year': 2019, 'works_count': 327, 'cited_by_count': 3738},
{'year': 2018, 'works_count': 274, 'cited_by_count': 2700},
{'year': 2017, 'works_count': 237, 'cited_by_count': 1755},
{'year': 2016, 'works_count': 200, 'cited_by_count': 1209},
{'year': 2015, 'works_count': 112, 'cited_by_count': 855},
{'year': 2014, 'works_count': 59, 'cited_by_count': 535},
{'year': 2013, 'works_count': 33, 'cited_by_count': 418},
{'year': 2012, 'works_count': 27, 'cited_by_count': 263}],
'roles': [{'role': 'institution',
'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1299022934',
'works_count': 6516},
{'role': 'funder',
'id': 'https://openalex.org/F4320332175',
'works_count': 2979}],
'updated_date': '2023-10-04T06:47:20.857727',
'created_date': '2023-02-13'}]
Ordenar listas de entidades
Referencia de OpenAlex: {ordenar listas de entidades](https://docs.openalex.org/api-entities/works/get-lists-of-works#page-and-sort-works).
In [26]:
Works().sort(cited_by_count="desc").get()
Out[26]:
[{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1775749144',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(19)52451-6',
'title': 'PROTEIN MEASUREMENT WITH THE FOLIN PHENOL REAGENT',
'display_name': 'PROTEIN MEASUREMENT WITH THE FOLIN PHENOL REAGENT',
'publication_year': 1951,
'publication_date': '1951-11-01',
'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1775749144',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(19)52451-6',
'mag': '1775749144',
'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14907713'},
'language': 'en',
'primary_location': {'is_oa': True,
'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(19)52451-6',
'pdf_url': None,
'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S140251998',
'display_name': 'Journal of Biological Chemistry',
'issn_l': '0021-9258',
'issn': ['1083-351X', '0021-9258', '1067-8816'],
'is_oa': True,
'is_in_doaj': True,
'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990',
'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV',
'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'],
'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'],
'type': 'journal'},
'license': 'cc-by',
'version': 'publishedVersion',
'is_accepted': True,
'is_published': True},
'type': 'article',
'type_crossref': 'journal-article',
'open_access': {'is_oa': True,
'oa_status': 'hybrid',
'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(19)52451-6',
'any_repository_has_fulltext': True},
'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5067833651',
'display_name': 'Oliver H. Lowry',
'orcid': None},
'institutions': [],
'countries': [],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Oliver H. Lowry',
'raw_affiliation_string': '',
'raw_affiliation_strings': []},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5032482932',
'display_name': 'N. J. Rosebrough',
'orcid': None},
'institutions': [],
'countries': [],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Nira J. Rosebrough',
'raw_affiliation_string': '',
'raw_affiliation_strings': []},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5004071084',
'display_name': 'A. Farr',
'orcid': None},
'institutions': [],
'countries': [],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'A. Lewis Farr',
'raw_affiliation_string': '',
'raw_affiliation_strings': []},
{'author_position': 'last',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5074535928',
'display_name': 'Rose J. Randall',
'orcid': None},
'institutions': [],
'countries': [],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Rose J. Randall',
'raw_affiliation_string': '',
'raw_affiliation_strings': []}],
'countries_distinct_count': 0,
'institutions_distinct_count': 0,
'corresponding_author_ids': [],
'corresponding_institution_ids': [],
'apc_list': {'value': 2500,
'currency': 'USD',
'value_usd': 2500,
'provenance': 'doaj'},
'apc_paid': {'value': 2500,
'currency': 'USD',
'value_usd': 2500,
'provenance': 'doaj'},
'has_fulltext': True,
'fulltext_origin': 'pdf',
'cited_by_count': 293797,
'biblio': {'volume': '193',
'issue': '1',
'first_page': '265',
'last_page': '275'},
'is_retracted': False,
'is_paratext': False,
'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C40875361',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2356542',
'display_name': 'Reagent',
'level': 2,
'score': 0.727867},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777702071',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130336',
'display_name': 'Phenol',
'level': 2,
'score': 0.66434634},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329',
'display_name': 'Chemistry',
'level': 0,
'score': 0.61892194},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C43617362',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050',
'display_name': 'Chromatography',
'level': 1,
'score': 0.5097591},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094',
'display_name': 'Biochemistry',
'level': 1,
'score': 0.4380829},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351',
'display_name': 'Organic chemistry',
'level': 1,
'score': 0.23303854}],
'mesh': [],
'locations_count': 2,
'locations': [{'is_oa': True,
'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(19)52451-6',
'pdf_url': None,
'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S140251998',
'display_name': 'Journal of Biological Chemistry',
'issn_l': '0021-9258',
'issn': ['1083-351X', '0021-9258', '1067-8816'],
'is_oa': True,
'is_in_doaj': True,
'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990',
'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV',
'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'],
'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'],
'type': 'journal'},
'license': 'cc-by',
'version': 'publishedVersion',
'is_accepted': True,
'is_published': True},
{'is_oa': True,
'landing_page_url': 'https://www.jbc.org/article/S0021-9258(19)52451-6/pdf',
'pdf_url': 'https://www.jbc.org/article/S0021-9258(19)52451-6/pdf',
'source': None,
'license': None,
'version': 'publishedVersion',
'is_accepted': True,
'is_published': True}],
'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True,
'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(19)52451-6',
'pdf_url': None,
'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S140251998',
'display_name': 'Journal of Biological Chemistry',
'issn_l': '0021-9258',
'issn': ['1083-351X', '0021-9258', '1067-8816'],
'is_oa': True,
'is_in_doaj': True,
'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990',
'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV',
'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'],
'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'],
'type': 'journal'},
'license': 'cc-by',
'version': 'publishedVersion',
'is_accepted': True,
'is_published': True},
'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6',
'display_name': 'Clean water and sanitation',
'score': 0.65},
{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12',
'display_name': 'Responsible consumption and production',
'score': 0.16}],
'grants': [],
'referenced_works_count': 18,
'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W8863503',
'https://openalex.org/W59369663',
'https://openalex.org/W89669270',
'https://openalex.org/W97662572',
'https://openalex.org/W195762992',
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'display_name': 'Folke Skoog',
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Seleccionar
Referencia de OpenAlex: Seleccionar campos.
In [27]:
Works().filter(publication_year=2020, is_oa=True).select(["id", "doi"]).get()
Out[27]:
[{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3001118548',
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'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2002032'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3001897055',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2001017'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3009885589',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30566-3'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3165656738',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.1585'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3004280078',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3009912996',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.052'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3002108456',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30211-7'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2999417355',
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'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-019-0686-2'},
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'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.2648'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3003668884',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2001316'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3111255098',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2034577'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3006659024',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30460-8'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3003217347',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2008-3'},
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'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30251-8'},
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'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2649-2'},
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'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3803'},
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'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30120-1'},
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Muestra
Referencia de OpenAlex: listas de entidades de muestra.
In [28]:
Works().sample(100, seed=535).get()
Out[28]:
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'display_name': '范中南',
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'ngrams_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works/W950429506/ngrams',
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'counts_by_year': [],
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In [29]:
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'summary_stats': {'2yr_mean_citedness': 8.390362980258969,
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136764020',
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{'year': 2018, 'works_count': 3961, 'cited_by_count': 129046},
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{'year': 2015, 'works_count': 3609, 'cited_by_count': 131315},
{'year': 2014, 'works_count': 3787, 'cited_by_count': 133150},
{'year': 2013, 'works_count': 3912, 'cited_by_count': 134671},
{'year': 2012, 'works_count': 4524, 'cited_by_count': 128413}],
'works_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=primary_location.source.id:S192814187',
'updated_date': '2023-10-03T18:10:49.875331',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/S137773608',
'issn_l': '0028-0836',
'issn': ['1476-4687', '0028-0836'],
'display_name': 'Nature',
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'host_organization_name': 'Nature Portfolio',
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'https://openalex.org/P4310319965'],
'works_count': 433077,
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'summary_stats': {'2yr_mean_citedness': 20.826382411725515,
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'is_oa': False,
'is_in_doaj': False,
'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/S137773608',
'issn_l': '0028-0836',
'issn': ['1476-4687', '0028-0836'],
'mag': '137773608',
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'homepage_url': 'https://www.nature.com/nature/',
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{'price': 11690, 'currency': 'USD'},
{'price': 8490, 'currency': 'GBP'}],
'apc_usd': 11690,
'country_code': 'GB',
'societies': [],
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'type': 'journal',
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'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420',
'display_name': 'Biology',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964',
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'display_name': 'Physics',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233',
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{'year': 2017, 'works_count': 3913, 'cited_by_count': 850558},
{'year': 2016, 'works_count': 4146, 'cited_by_count': 830376},
{'year': 2015, 'works_count': 4247, 'cited_by_count': 816846},
{'year': 2014, 'works_count': 4173, 'cited_by_count': 803975},
{'year': 2013, 'works_count': 4272, 'cited_by_count': 781199},
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'works_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=primary_location.source.id:S137773608',
'updated_date': '2023-10-03T19:44:59.407301',
'created_date': '2016-06-24'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463075',
'issn_l': None,
'issn': None,
'display_name': 'CRC Press eBooks',
'host_organization': None,
'host_organization_name': None,
'host_organization_lineage': [],
'works_count': 405063,
'cited_by_count': 881544,
'summary_stats': {'2yr_mean_citedness': 0.12911725955204217,
'h_index': 306,
'i10_index': 13327},
'is_oa': False,
'is_in_doaj': False,
'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463075'},
'homepage_url': None,
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'apc_usd': None,
'country_code': None,
'societies': [],
'alternate_titles': [],
'abbreviated_title': None,
'type': 'ebook platform',
'x_concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148',
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'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190',
'display_name': 'Medicine',
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'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413',
'display_name': 'Physics',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329',
'display_name': 'Chemistry',
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{'year': 2012, 'works_count': 14060, 'cited_by_count': 40603}],
'works_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=primary_location.source.id:S4306463075',
'updated_date': '2023-10-04T04:14:50.365208',
'created_date': '2022-10-17'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401840',
'issn_l': None,
'issn': None,
'display_name': 'DergiPark (Istanbul University)',
'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I67581229',
'host_organization_name': 'Istanbul University',
'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I67581229'],
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'summary_stats': {'2yr_mean_citedness': 0.028927194951505655,
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'is_oa': True,
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'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56101155'},
'homepage_url': 'http://dergipark.gov.tr',
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'apc_usd': None,
'country_code': 'TR',
'societies': [],
'alternate_titles': [],
'abbreviated_title': None,
'type': 'repository',
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{'year': 2014, 'works_count': 14568, 'cited_by_count': 11117},
{'year': 2013, 'works_count': 10598, 'cited_by_count': 8943},
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'works_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=primary_location.source.id:S4306401840',
'updated_date': '2023-10-04T01:22:02.055140',
'created_date': '2022-10-17'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/S3880285',
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'display_name': 'Science',
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'host_organization_name': 'American Association for the Advancement of Science',
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'is_in_doaj': False,
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'mag': '3880285'},
'homepage_url': 'http://www.sciencemag.org/',
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'apc_usd': None,
'country_code': 'US',
'societies': [],
'alternate_titles': ['Science on-line',
'Science online',
'Science magazine online',
'Science magazine on-line'],
'abbreviated_title': None,
'type': 'journal',
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'display_name': 'Biology',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680',
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'display_name': 'Chemistry',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413',
'display_name': 'Physics',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148',
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'display_name': 'Computer science',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190',
'display_name': 'Medicine',
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{'year': 2015, 'works_count': 5705, 'cited_by_count': 742286},
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'works_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=primary_location.source.id:S3880285',
'updated_date': '2023-10-03T18:28:42.526057',
'created_date': '2016-06-24'}]
Negación (NO):
In [30]:
Institutions().filter(country_code="!us").get()
Out[30]:
[{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1294671590',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02feahw73',
'display_name': 'French National Centre for Scientific Research',
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'display_name_acronyms': ['CNRS'],
'display_name_alternatives': [],
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'display_name': 'HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)',
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'ror': 'https://ror.org/02feahw73',
'mag': '1294671590',
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'geo': {'city': 'Paris',
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'region': None,
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'country': 'France',
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'ar': 'المركز الوطني الفرنسي للبحث العلمي',
'az': 'Milli Elmi Tədqiqat Mərkəzi',
'be': 'Нацыянальны цэнтр навуковых даследаванняў',
'be-tarask': 'Нацыянальны цэнтар навуковых дасьледаваньняў',
'bn': 'ন্যাশনাল সেন্টার ফর সায়েন্টিফিক রিসার্চ',
'br': 'Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique',
'ca': 'Centre Nacional de Recerca Científica',
'cs': 'Národní centrum vědeckého výzkumu',
'cy': 'Y Ganolfan Genedlaethol ar gyfer Ymchwil Wyddonol',
'da': 'CNRS',
'de': 'CNRS',
'de-ch': 'Centre national de la recherche scientifique',
'el': 'Εθνικό Κέντρο Επιστημονικών Ερευνών της Γαλλίας',
'en': 'National Center for Scientific Research',
'en-ca': 'French National Centre for Scientific Research',
'en-gb': 'French National Centre for Scientific Research',
'eo': 'Nacia centro pri scienca esplorado',
'es': 'Centro Nacional para la Investigación Científica',
'et': 'CNRS',
'eu': 'CNRS',
'fa': 'مرکز ملی پژوهش\u200cهای علمی فرانسه',
'fi': 'Centre national de la recherche scientifique',
'fr': 'Centre national de la recherche scientifique',
'gl': 'Centre national de la recherche scientifique',
'ha': 'Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta ƙasa',
'he': 'המרכז הלאומי למחקר מדעי',
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'hi': 'चीनी विज्ञान अकादमी',
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'id': 'Akademi Ilmu Pengetahuan Tiongkok',
'it': 'Accademia cinese delle scienze',
'ja': '中国科学院',
'ka': 'ჩინეთის მეცნიერებათა აკადემია',
'kk': 'Қытай ғылым академиясы',
'ko': '중국과학원',
'mk': 'Кинеска академија на науките',
'mn': 'Хятадын Шинжлэх Ухаан Академийн Хүрээлэн',
'ms': 'Akademi Sains China',
'nb': 'Det kinesiske vitenskapsakademi',
'nl': 'Chinese Academie van Wetenschappen',
'pl': 'Chińska Akademia Nauk',
'pt': 'Academia Chinesa de Ciências',
'ro': 'Academia Chineză de Științe',
'ru': 'Китайская академия наук',
'sl': 'Kitajska akademija znanosti',
'sr': 'Кинеска академија наука',
'sr-ec': 'Кинеска академија наука',
'sr-el': 'Kineska akademija nauka',
'sv': 'Kinas vetenskapsakademi',
'tr': 'Çin Bilimler Akademisi',
'tt': 'Кытай фәннәр академиясе',
'ug': 'جۇڭگۇ پەنلەر ئاكادېمىيسى',
'uk': 'Китайська академія наук',
'ur': 'چائنیز اکیڈمی آف سائنسز',
'uz': 'Xitoy fanlar akademiyasi',
'vi': 'Viện hàn lâm Khoa học Trung Quốc',
'wuu': '中國科學院',
'yue': '中國科學院',
'zh': '中国科学院',
'zh-cn': '中国科学院',
'zh-hans': '中国科学院',
'zh-hant': '中國科學院',
'zh-hk': '中國科學院',
'zh-mo': '中國科學院',
'zh-my': '中国科学院',
'zh-sg': '中国科学院',
'zh-tw': '中國科學院'}},
'associated_institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210120485',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02jkmyk67',
'display_name': 'Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210151155',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/04acsr153',
'display_name': 'Academy of Opto-Electronics',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210137199',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/0419fj215',
'display_name': 'Aerospace Information Research Institute',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'education',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210165198',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/05qm21180',
'display_name': 'Beijing Advanced Sciences and Innovation Center',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2801577699',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/049gn7z52',
'display_name': 'Beijing Institute of Genomics',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210115799',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/028fy7q25',
'display_name': 'Botanical Society of China',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'nonprofit',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210097554',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/00vpwhm04',
'display_name': 'Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'education',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210121447',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02rrdvm96',
'display_name': 'Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210139738',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/04ew43640',
'display_name': 'Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'education',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210092888',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/00h52n341',
'display_name': 'Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210088164',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/012rct222',
'display_name': 'Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210152908',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/04w5etv87',
'display_name': 'Chengdu Institute of Biology',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'education',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210123021',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/031npqv35',
'display_name': 'Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210108629',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/01s0wyf50',
'display_name': 'Computer Network Information Center',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I180585399',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/00prkya54',
'display_name': 'Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210119098',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02j89k719',
'display_name': 'Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210128491',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/047qgg117',
'display_name': 'Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I3018690959',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/0356cst02',
'display_name': 'Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802148028',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02c31t502',
'display_name': 'Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802624667',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/046n57345',
'display_name': 'Hefei Institutes of Physical Science',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210096219',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/00w78qy64',
'display_name': 'Institut Pasteur of Shanghai',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'nonprofit',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210095609',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/00qae8971',
'display_name': 'Institute for History of Natural Sciences',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210099069',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/00v8rqv75',
'display_name': 'Institute of Acoustics',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210110024',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/01thb7525',
'display_name': 'Institute of Applied Ecology',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210152758',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/0424h4e32',
'display_name': 'Institute of Atmospheric Physics',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210112150',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/022c3hy66',
'display_name': 'Institute of Automation',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210112540',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/01tyv8576',
'display_name': 'Institute of Biophysics',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210158097',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/05hr3ch11',
'display_name': 'Institute of Botany',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210155088',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/048y1rc66',
'display_name': 'Institute of Chemistry',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210159903',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/05j73fd60',
'display_name': 'Institute of Coal Chemistry',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210090176',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/0090r4d87',
'display_name': 'Institute of Computing Technology',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210154862',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/050spgz68',
'display_name': 'Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210159790',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/04nps9965',
'display_name': 'Institute of Earth Environment',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210128819',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/033js6g46',
'display_name': 'Institute of Electrical Engineering',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210110458',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/01z143507',
'display_name': 'Institute of Electronics',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210120320',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/031zj0q48',
'display_name': 'Institute of Engineering Thermophysics',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210124606',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02aee5m12',
'display_name': 'Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210135735',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/049d6bh38',
'display_name': 'Institute of Geochemistry',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210105990',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/01gkn6j11',
'display_name': 'Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210160793',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/04t1cdb72',
'display_name': 'Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210126061',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/030vmwa78',
'display_name': 'Institute of Geology and Geophysics',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210137180',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/03v8tnc06',
'display_name': 'Institute of High Energy Physics',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210089584',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/00b4mx203',
'display_name': 'Institute of Hydrobiology',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210156404',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/04r53se39',
'display_name': 'Institute of Information Engineering',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210157653',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/057jnjd73',
'display_name': 'Institute of Mechanics',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210126304',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/03pa1rf77',
'display_name': 'Institute of Metals Research',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210134982',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/047yhep71',
'display_name': 'Institute of Microbiology',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210119392',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02s6gs133',
'display_name': 'Institute of Microelectronics',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210131271',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/03x8rhq63',
'display_name': 'Institute of Modern Physics',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210124748',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02z0nsb22',
'display_name': 'Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'nonprofit',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210101167',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/018yw5541',
'display_name': 'Institute of Oceanology',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210128284',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02bn68w95',
'display_name': 'Institute of Optics and Electronics',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210159876',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/05cvf7v30',
'display_name': 'Institute of Physics',
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'type': 'facility',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210133325',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/03j4x9j18',
'display_name': 'Institute of Process Engineering',
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'type': 'facility',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210131870',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/03j7v5j15',
'display_name': 'Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences',
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'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210128053',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02cjszf03',
'display_name': 'Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth',
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'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210140379',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/0366c6s65',
'display_name': 'Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics',
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'type': 'facility',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210149211',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/048dd0611',
'display_name': 'Institute of Semiconductors',
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'type': 'facility',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210128818',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/033dfsn42',
'display_name': 'Institute of Software',
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'ror': 'https://ror.org/05nj8ma95',
'display_name': 'Institute of Soil Science',
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'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210107235',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/01hh9ag93',
'display_name': 'Institute of Subtropical Agriculture',
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'type': 'facility',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210125404',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02xtbq882',
'display_name': 'Institute of Theoretical Physics',
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'type': 'facility',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210141476',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/03zn6c508',
'display_name': 'Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research',
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'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210119653',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/025gq5q04',
'display_name': 'Institute of Urban Environment',
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'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210086287',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/0000pmw59',
'display_name': 'Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology',
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'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210167311',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/05skxkv18',
'display_name': 'Institute of Zoology',
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'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210116191',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02ce9qs13',
'display_name': 'Institutes of Science and Development',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I13850615',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02e5hx313',
'display_name': 'Kunming Institute of Botany',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I18489884',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/03m0vk445',
'display_name': 'Kunming Institute of Zoology',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210089297',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/007ffzr57',
'display_name': 'Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210134482',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/03k6r8t20',
'display_name': 'Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology',
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'display_name': 'Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210164580',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/058pyyv44',
'display_name': 'National Astronomical Observatories',
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'ror': 'https://ror.org/04f49ff35',
'display_name': 'National Center for Nanoscience and Technology',
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'ror': 'https://ror.org/04ndjyr10',
'display_name': 'National Science Library',
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'type': 'archive',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210115570',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02nnjtm50',
'display_name': 'National Space Science Center',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210093645',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/00655qp86',
'display_name': 'National Time Service Center',
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'type': 'facility',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210165339',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/05nqg3g04',
'display_name': 'Ningbo Institute of Industrial Technology',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210101301',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/01a9z1q73',
'display_name': 'Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology',
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'type': 'facility',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210106526',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/01jz1e142',
'display_name': 'Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802340896',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02eb4t121',
'display_name': 'Purple Mountain Observatory',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210158139',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/05h3vcy91',
'display_name': 'Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210144289',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/03rpsvy57',
'display_name': 'Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210111959',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02br7py06',
'display_name': 'Shanghai Advanced Research Institute',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2799714274',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/003n8re58',
'display_name': 'Shanghai Astronomical Observatory',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210123885',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02w6gr951',
'display_name': 'Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210163874',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/05etnz140',
'display_name': 'Shanghai Institute of Ceramics',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210112820',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/022syn853',
'display_name': 'Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica',
'country_code': 'CN',
'type': 'facility',
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'am': 'ዩኒቨርስቲ ኦፍ ኬምብሪጅ',
'an': 'Universidat de Cambridge',
'ar': 'جامعة كامبريدج',
'ary': 'لجامعة د كامبريدج',
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'bg': 'Кеймбриджки университет',
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'bs': 'University of Cambridge',
'ca': 'Universitat de Cambridge',
'ceb': 'University of Cambridge',
'ckb': 'زانکۆی کامبریج',
'cs': 'Univerzita v Cambridgi',
'cv': 'Кембридж университечĕ',
'cy': 'Prifysgol Caergrawnt',
'da': 'University of Cambridge',
'de': 'University of Cambridge',
'de-ch': 'University of Cambridge',
'el': 'Πανεπιστήμιο του Κέιμπριτζ',
'en': 'University of Cambridge',
'en-ca': 'University of Cambridge',
'en-gb': 'University of Cambridge',
'eo': 'Universitato de Kembriĝo',
'es': 'Universidad de Cambridge',
'et': "Cambridge'i Ülikool",
'eu': 'Cambridgeko Unibertsitatea',
'fa': 'دانشگاه کمبریج',
'fi': 'Cambridgen yliopisto',
'fo': 'University of Cambridge',
'fr': 'université de Cambridge',
'fy': 'Universiteit fan Cambridge',
'ga': 'Ollscoil Cambridge',
'gd': 'Oilthigh Chambridge',
'gl': 'Universidade de Cambridge',
'gu': 'કેમ્બ્રિજ વિશ્વવિદ્યાલય',
'gv': 'Ollooscoill Cambridge',
'hak': 'Kiam-khiâu Thai-ho̍k',
'he': "אוניברסיטת קיימברידג'",
'hi': 'कैम्ब्रिज विश्वविद्यालय',
'hr': 'Sveučilište Cambridge',
'hu': 'Cambridge-i Egyetem',
'hy': 'Քեմբրիջի համալսարան',
'hyw': 'Քեմպրիճի Համալսարան',
'ia': 'Universitate de Cambridge',
'id': 'Universitas Cambridge',
'ig': 'Mahadum nke Cambridge',
'is': 'Cambridge-háskóli',
'it': 'Università di Cambridge',
'ja': 'ケンブリッジ大学',
'jv': 'Universitas Cambridge',
'ka': 'კემბრიჯის უნივერსიტეტი',
'kbp': 'Cambridge sukuli kɩtɛzʊʊ',
'kk': 'Кембридж университеті',
'kn': 'ಕೇಂಬ್ರಿಡ್ಜ್ ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾನಿಲಯ',
'ko': '케임브리지 대학교',
'ku': 'Zanîngeha Cambridge',
'ku-latn': 'Zanîngeha Cambridge',
'kw': 'Pennskol Kergront',
'ky': 'Кембридж Университети',
'la': 'Universitas Cantabrigiensis',
'lb': 'Universitéit vu Cambridge',
'lt': 'Kembridžo universitetas',
'lv': 'Kembridžas Universitāte',
'mk': 'Кембрички универзитет',
'ml': 'കേംബ്രിഡ്ജ് സർവകലാശാല',
'mn': 'Кембрижийн Их Сургууль',
'mr': 'केंब्रिज विद्यापीठ',
'ms': 'Universiti Cambridge',
'mt': "Università ta' Cambridge",
'my': 'ကိန်းဘရစ်ချ် တက္ကသိုလ်',
'nan': 'Cambridge Tāi-ha̍k',
'nb': 'University of Cambridge',
'ne': 'क्याम्ब्रिज विश्वविद्यालय',
'nl': 'Universiteit van Cambridge',
'nn': 'University of Cambridge',
'nrm': "Unnivèrsité d'Cambridge",
'oc': 'Universitat de Cambridge',
'or': 'କେମ୍ବ୍ରିଜ ବିଶ୍ଵବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ',
'os': 'Кембриджы университет',
'pa': 'ਕੈਂਬਰਿਜ ਯੂਨੀਵਰਸਿਟੀ',
'pap': 'Universidat di Cambridge',
'pl': 'University of Cambridge',
'pms': 'Università ëd Cambridge',
'pnb': 'کیمبرج یونیورسٹی',
'ps': 'د کېمبرېج پوهنتون',
'pt': 'Universidade de Cambridge',
'pt-br': 'Universidade de Cambridge',
'qu': 'Cambridge Yachay Suntur',
'ro': 'Universitatea Cambridge',
'ru': 'Кембриджский университет',
'rue': 'Кембріджска універзіта',
'rw': 'Kaminuza ya Cambridge',
'sah': 'Кембридж университета',
'sat': 'ᱠᱮᱢᱵᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟ.ᱜᱟᱲ',
'scn': 'Univirsitati di Cambridge',
'sco': 'Varsity o Cambridge',
'sd': 'ڪيمبرج يونيورسٽي',
'se': 'Cambridge universitehta',
'sh': 'Univerzitet u Cambridgeu',
'si': 'කේම්බ්\u200dරිජ් විශ්වවිද්\u200dයාලය',
'sk': 'University of Cambridge',
'sl': 'Univerza v Cambridgeu',
'smn': 'Cambridge ollâopâttâh',
'sms': 'Cambridge universiteʹtt',
'so': 'Jaamacadda Cambridge',
'sq': 'Universiteti i Kembrixhit',
'sr': 'Универзитет у Кембриџу',
'sv': 'Universitetet i Cambridge',
'sw': 'Chuo Kikuu cha Cambridge',
'ta': 'கேம்பிரிச்சுப் பல்கலைக்கழகம்',
'te': 'కేంబ్రిడ్జ్ విశ్వవిద్యాలయం',
'tg': 'Донишгоҳи Кембриҷ',
'th': 'มหาวิทยาลัยเคมบริดจ์',
'tl': 'Unibersidad ng Cambridge',
'tr': 'Cambridge Üniversitesi',
'tt': 'Кембриҗ университеты',
'tw': 'University of Cambridge',
'ug': 'كامبرىج ئۇنىۋېرستېتى',
'uk': 'Кембриджський університет',
'ur': 'جامعہ کیمبرج',
'uz': 'Kembrij universiteti',
'vi': 'Đại học Cambridge',
'war': 'Unibersidad han Cambridge',
'wuu': '剑桥大学',
'xmf': 'კემბრიჯიშ უნივერსიტეტი',
'yi': 'אוניווערסיטעט פון קעמברידזש',
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'azb': 'تسينق - هوا بیلیم\u200cیوردو',
'ba': 'Цинхуа университеты',
'be': 'Універсітэт Цынхуа',
'be-tarask': 'Цынхуаскі ўнівэрсытэт',
'bg': 'Университет „Цинхуа“',
'bn': 'ছিংহুয়া বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়',
'ca': 'Universitat Tsinghua',
'cdo': 'Chĭng-huà Dâi-hŏk',
'cs': 'Univerzita Čching-chua',
'cy': 'Prifysgol Tsinghua',
'da': 'Tsinghua-universitet',
'de': 'Tsinghua-Universität',
'de-ch': 'Tsinghua-Universität',
'el': 'Πανεπιστήμιο Τσινγκχουά',
'en': 'Tsinghua University',
'en-ca': 'Tsinghua University',
'en-gb': 'Tsinghua University',
'eo': 'Tsinghua Universitato',
'es': 'Universidad Tsinghua',
'et': 'Tsinghua Ülikool',
'eu': 'Tsinghua Unibertsitatea',
'fa': 'دانشگاه چینهوا',
'fi': 'Tsinghua-yliopisto',
'fr': 'université Tsinghua',
'ga': 'Ollscoil Tsinghua',
'gd': 'Oilthigh Tsinghua',
'he': 'אוניברסיטת טסינגואה',
'hu': 'Csinghua Egyetem',
'hy': 'Ցինխուա համալսարան',
'id': 'Universitas Tsinghua',
'it': 'Università Tsinghua',
'ja': '清華大学',
'ko': '칭화 대학',
'ky': 'Цинхуа университети',
'lb': 'Universitéit Tsinghua',
'lt': 'Cinghua universitetas',
'lzh': '清華大學',
'min': 'Universitas Tsinghua',
'mk': 'Цингхуа',
'ml': 'റ്റ്സിൻഷുവ യൂണിവേഴ്സിറ്റി',
'mn': 'Чинхуа их сургууль',
'ms': 'Universiti Tsinghua',
'nan': 'Chheng-hôa Tāi-ha̍k',
'nb': 'Tsinghuauniversitetet',
'nl': 'Tsinghua Universiteit',
'pl': 'Uniwersytet Tsinghua',
'pt': 'Universidade Tsinghua',
'pt-br': 'Universidade Tsinghua',
'qu': 'Tsinghua Yachay sunturnin',
'ro': 'Universitatea Tsinghua',
'ru': 'Университет Цинхуа',
'sah': 'Цинхуа университета',
'sco': 'Tsinghua Varsity',
'sh': 'Univerzitet Cinhua',
'sq': 'Universiteti Tsinghua',
'sr': 'Универзитет Цинхуа',
'sv': 'Tsinghuauniversitetet',
'ta': 'சிங்குவா பல்கலைக்கழகம்',
'th': 'มหาวิทยาลัยชิงหฺวา',
'tl': 'Pamantasang Tsinghua',
'tr': 'Tsinghua Üniversitesi',
'tt': 'Чиңһуа үнивирситите',
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'ur': 'جامعہ تثینک خآوآ',
'uz': 'Tsinghua universiteti',
'vec': 'Università Tsinghua',
'vi': 'Đại học Thanh Hoa',
'war': 'Unibersidad Tsinghua',
'wuu': '清华大学',
'yue': '清華大學',
'za': 'Cinghvaz Dayoz',
'zh': '清华大学',
'zh-cn': '清华大学',
'zh-hans': '清华大学',
'zh-hant': '清華大學',
'zh-hk': '清華大學',
'zh-mo': '清華大學',
'zh-my': '清华大学',
'zh-sg': '清华大学',
'zh-tw': '清華大學'}},
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'be-tarask': 'Унівэрсытэцкі коледж Лёндану',
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'da': 'University College London',
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'fi': 'University College London',
'fr': 'University College de Londres',
'ga': 'University College London',
'gd': 'Colaiste Oilthigh Lunnainn',
'gl': 'University College de Londres',
'gu': 'યૂનિવર્સિટી કોલેજ લંડન',
'he': "יוניברסיטי קולג' לונדון",
'hi': 'यूनिवर्सिटी कॉलेज, लन्दन',
'hu': 'University College London',
'hy': 'Լոնդոնի համալսարանի քոլեջ',
'hyw': 'Լոնտոնի համալսարանական քոլեճ',
'id': 'University College London',
'ilo': 'University College ti Londres',
'is': 'University College London',
'it': 'University College',
'ja': 'ユニヴァーシティ・カレッジ・ロンドン',
'ka': 'ლონდონის საუნივერსიტეტო კოლეჯი',
'kk': 'Лондон колледж университеті',
'ko': '유니버시티 칼리지 런던',
'ku': 'Xwendegeha Bilind a Londonê',
'ku-latn': 'Xwendegeha Bilind a Londonê',
'kw': 'Kollji Pennskol Loundres',
'ky': 'Лондон Колледж Университети',
'lb': 'University College London',
'li': 'University College London',
'lt': 'University College London',
'lv': 'Londonas Universitātes koledža',
'mai': 'युनिभर्सिटी कलेज लण्डन',
'mk': 'Универзитетски колеџ Лондон',
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'nb': 'University College London',
'nl': 'University College London',
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'os': 'Лондоны университетаг колледж',
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'tt': 'Лундын үнивирситите көллияте',
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'zh-hans': '伦敦大学学院',
'zh-hant': '倫敦大學學院',
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'be-tarask': 'Імпэрскі коледж Лёндану',
'bg': 'Имперски колеж Лондон',
'bn': 'ইম্পেরিয়াল কলেজ লন্ডন',
'ca': 'Imperial College London',
'cs': 'Imperial College London',
'cy': 'Coleg Imperial Llundain',
'da': 'Imperial College London',
'de': 'Imperial College London',
'el': 'Αυτοκρατορικό Κολέγιο του Λονδίνου',
'en': 'Imperial College London',
'en-gb': 'Imperial College London',
'eo': 'Imperia Kolegio Londona',
'es': 'Escuela Imperial de Londres',
'et': 'Imperial College London',
'eu': 'Londresko Imperial College',
'fa': 'کالج سلطنتی لندن',
'fi': 'Imperial College London',
'fo': 'Imperial College London',
'fr': 'Imperial College London',
'ga': 'Imperial College London',
'gd': 'Colaiste Impireil Lunnainn',
'gl': 'Imperial College London',
'hak': 'Lùn-tûn Ti-koet Ho̍k-yen',
'he': "אימפריאל קולג'",
'hi': 'इंपीरियल कॉलेज लंदन',
'hu': 'Imperial College London',
'hy': 'Լոնդոնի կայսերական քոլեջ',
'id': 'Imperial College London',
'is': 'Imperial College London',
'it': 'Imperial College London',
'ja': 'インペリアル・カレッジ・ロンドン',
'ka': 'ლონდონის საიმპერიო კოლეჯი',
'kk': 'Лондон империялық колледжі',
'kk-arab': 'لوندون ىيمپەرىييالىق كوللەدجى',
'kk-cn': 'لوندون ىيمپەرىييالىق كوللەدجى',
'kk-cyrl': 'Лондон империялық колледжі',
'kk-kz': 'Лондон империялық колледжі',
'kk-latn': 'London ïmperïyalıq kolledji',
'kk-tr': 'London ïmperïyalıq kolledji',
'kl': 'Imperial College London',
'ko': '임페리얼 칼리지 런던',
'ks': 'اِمپیٖریَل کالیج لندَن',
'ky': 'Империал Лондон колледжи',
'lb': 'Imperial College London',
'lv': 'Londonas Impērijas koledža',
'mk': 'Империјален колеџ Лондон',
'ml': 'ഇമ്പീരിയൽ കോളജ്, ലണ്ടൻ',
'mn': 'Эзэн хааны коллеж',
'ms': 'Imperial College London',
'nb': 'Imperial College London',
'nl': 'Imperial College London',
'nn': 'Imperial College London',
'pl': 'Imperial College London',
'pnb': 'امپیریل کالج لندن',
'pt': 'Imperial College London',
'ro': 'Imperial College London',
'ru': 'Имперский колледж Лондона',
'sco': 'Imperial College London',
'sk': 'The Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine',
'sl': 'Imperialni kolidž v Londonu',
'sr': 'Империјални колеџ Лондон',
'sr-ec': 'Империјални колеџ Лондон',
'sr-el': 'Imperijalni koledž London',
'sv': 'Imperial College London',
'ta': 'லண்டன் இம்பீரியல் கல்லூரி',
'tg': 'Коллеҷи салтанатии Ландан',
'th': 'ราชวิทยาลัยลอนดอน',
'tl': 'Imperial College London',
'tr': 'Imperial College London',
'tt': 'Лундын импирия көллияте',
'ug': 'لوندون ئىمپېرىيە ئىنستېتۇت',
'uk': 'Імперський коледж Лондона',
'ur': 'امپیریل کالج لندن',
'uz': 'Imperial kolleji (London)',
'wuu': '帝国理工',
'yue': '倫敦帝國學院',
'zh': '伦敦帝国学院',
'zh-cn': '伦敦帝国学院',
'zh-hans': '伦敦帝国学院',
'zh-hant': '倫敦帝國學院',
'zh-hk': '倫敦帝國學院',
'zh-sg': '伦敦帝国学院',
'zh-tw': '倫敦帝國學院'}},
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'be': 'Чжэцзянскі ўніверсітэт',
'be-tarask': 'Чжэцьзянскі ўнівэрсытэт',
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'de': 'Zhejiang-Universität',
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'et': 'Zhejiangi ülikool',
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'fr': 'université du Zhejiang',
'ga': 'Ollscoil Zhejiang',
'he': "אוניברסיטת ג'ג'יאנג",
'hy': 'Չժեցզյան համալսարան',
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'ja': '浙江大学',
'kk': 'Чжэцзянь университеті',
'ko': '저장 대학',
'la': 'Universitas Cechianensis',
'lt': 'Džedziango universitetas',
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'ml': 'സെജിയാങ് യൂണിവേഴ്സിറ്റി',
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'tr': 'Zhejiang Üniversitesi',
'tt': 'Җеҗияң үнивирситите',
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'war': 'Unibersidad han Zhejiang',
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'et': 'Katholieke Universiteit Leuven',
'eu': 'KU Leuven',
'fa': 'دانشگاه کاتولیک لون',
'fi': 'Leuvenin katolinen yliopisto',
'fr': 'Katholieke Universiteit Leuven',
'fy': 'Katolike Universiteit Leuven',
'ga': 'Ollscoil Chaitliceach Lováin',
'gd': 'Oilthigh Caitligeach Leuven',
'he': 'האוניברסיטה הקתולית ההולנדית של לוון',
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'hy': 'Լյովենյան կաթոլիկ համալսարան',
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'lt': 'Leveno universitetas',
'lv': 'Lēvenas Katoļu universitāte (nīderlandiešu valoda)',
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'mzn': 'لوون کاتولیکی دونشجار',
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'nl': 'Katholieke Universiteit Leuven',
'oc': 'Katholieke Universiteit Leuven',
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'zh-hant': '魯汶天主教大學 (荷蘭語)',
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'et': 'Manchesteri Ülikool',
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'fa': 'دانشگاه منچستر',
'fi': 'Manchesterin yliopisto',
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'gd': 'Oilthigh Mhanchester',
'gl': 'Universidade de Manchester',
'gv': 'Ollooscoill Vanchuin',
'he': "אוניברסיטת מנצ'סטר",
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'id': 'Universitas Manchester',
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'it': 'Università di Manchester',
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'mk': 'Манчестерски универзитет',
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'nb': 'University of Manchester',
'nl': 'Universiteit van Manchester',
'os': 'Манчестеры университет',
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'display_name_alternatives': ['Tōhoku daigaku'],
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'nl': 'Tohoku University',
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'sl': 'Univerza Tohoku',
'sv': 'Tohoku-universitetet',
'th': 'มหาวิทยาลัยโทโฮกุ',
'tl': 'Unibersidad ng Tohoku',
'tr': 'Tohoku Üniversitesi',
'tt': 'Тоһоку университеты',
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'zh': '东北大学',
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'type': 'healthcare',
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'display_name_acronyms': [],
'display_name_alternatives': ['University of Paris', 'Université de Paris'],
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'region': None,
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'international': {'display_name': {'alt': 'Парижтиҥ университеди',
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'ar': 'جامعة باريس',
'arz': 'جامعة باريس',
'ast': 'Universidá de París',
'az': 'Paris Universiteti',
'azb': 'پاریس بیلیم\u200cیوردو',
'ba': 'Париж университеты',
'be': 'Парыжскі ўніверсітэт',
'be-tarask': 'Парыскі ўнівэрсытэт',
'bg': 'Парижки университет',
'bn': 'প্যারিস বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়',
'br': 'skol-veur Pariz',
'ca': 'Universitat de París',
'ckb': 'زانکۆی پاریس',
'crh': 'Paris universiteti',
'cs': 'Pařížská univerzita',
'cy': 'Prifysgol Paris',
'da': 'Paris Universitet',
'de': 'Universität von Paris',
'de-ch': 'Universität von Paris',
'el': 'Πανεπιστήμιο του Παρισιού',
'en': 'University of Paris',
'en-ca': 'University of Paris',
'en-gb': 'University of Paris',
'eo': 'Universitato de Parizo',
'es': 'Universidad de París',
'et': 'Pariisi Ülikool',
'eu': 'Parisko Unibertsitatea',
'fa': 'دانشگاه پاریس',
'fi': 'Pariisin yliopisto',
'fr': 'université de Paris',
'fy': 'Universiteit fan Parys',
'ga': 'Ollscoil Pháras',
'gd': 'Oilthigh Pharas',
'gl': 'Universidade de París',
'gu': 'પેરિસ વિશ્વવિદ્યાલય (૧૮૯૬-૧૯૬૮)',
'he': 'סורבון',
'hi': 'पैरिस विश्वविद्यालय',
'hr': 'Sveučilište u Francuskoj',
'hu': 'Párizsi Egyetem',
'hy': 'Փարիզի համալսարան',
'hyw': 'Փարիզի Համալսարան',
'ia': 'Universitate de Paris',
'id': 'Universitas Paris',
'ilo': 'Unibersidad ti Paris',
'io': 'Universitato di Paris',
'is': 'Parísarháskóli',
'it': 'Università di Parigi',
'ja': 'パリ大学',
'jv': 'Sorbonne-Universitas Paris',
'ka': 'პარიზის უნივერსიტეტი',
'kaa': 'Parij universiteti',
'kbp': 'Sorbonne sukuli kɩtɛzʊʊ',
'ko': '파리 대학교',
'ku-latn': 'Zanîngeha Parîsê',
'kw': 'Pennskol Paris',
'la': 'Universitas Parisiensis',
'lb': 'Universitéit vu Paräis',
'lfn': 'Universia de Paris',
'lt': 'Paryžiaus universitetas',
'lv': 'Parīzes Universitāte',
'mk': 'Париски универзитет',
'ml': 'യൂണിവേഴ്സിറ്റി ഓഫ് പാരീസ്',
'mn': 'Парисын Их Сургууль',
'mr': 'पॅरिस विद्यापीठ',
'ms': 'Universiti Paris',
'mt': "Università ta' Pariġi",
'my': 'ပါရီတက္ကသိုလ်',
'nb': 'Universitetet i Paris, Sorbonne',
'nl': 'Universiteit van Parijs',
'nn': 'Universitetet i Paris',
'nqo': 'ߔߊ߬ߙߌ߬ ߖߊ߯ߓߘߊ (߁߈߉߆-߁߉߆߈)',
'oc': 'Universitat de París',
'os': 'Парижы университет',
'pa': 'ਪੈਰਿਸ ਯੂਨੀਵਰਸਿਟੀ',
'pl': 'Uniwersytet Paryski',
'pnb': 'پیرس یونیورسٹی',
'ps': 'پاریس پوهنتون',
'pt': 'Universidade de Paris',
'pt-br': 'Universidade de Paris',
'ro': 'Universitatea din Paris',
'ru': 'Парижский университет',
'scn': 'Università di Pariggi',
'sco': 'Varsity o Paris',
'sh': 'Univerzitet u Parizu',
'sk': 'Parížska univerzita',
'sl': 'Univerza v Parizu',
'sq': 'Universiteti i Parisit',
'sr': 'Универзитет Сорбона',
'sr-ec': 'Универзитет Сорбона',
'sr-el': 'Univerzitet Sorbona',
'sv': 'Universitetet i Paris',
'ta': 'பாரிஸ் பல்கலைக்கழகம்',
'tg': 'Донишгоҳи Порис',
'th': 'มหาวิทยาลัยปารีส',
'tl': 'Université de Paris',
'tr': 'Paris Üniversitesi',
'tt': 'Париж үнивирситите',
'ug': 'پارىژ ئۇنىۋېرسىتىتى',
'uk': 'Паризький університет',
'ur': 'جامعہ پیرس',
'uz': 'Parij universiteti',
'vi': 'Đại học Paris',
'war': 'Unibersidad han Paris',
'wuu': '巴黎大学',
'xmf': 'პარიზიშ უნივერსიტეტი',
'yi': 'אוניווערסיטעט פון פאריז',
'yue': '巴黎大學',
'zh': '巴黎大学',
'zh-cn': '巴黎大学',
'zh-hans': '巴黎大学',
'zh-hant': '巴黎大學',
'zh-hk': '巴黎大學',
'zh-sg': '巴黎大学',
'zh-tw': '巴黎大學'}},
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'latitude': 45.50884,
'longitude': -73.58781},
'international': {'display_name': {'af': 'McGill Universiteit',
'ar': 'جامعة مكغيل',
'arz': 'جامعة ماكجيل',
'ast': 'Universidá McGill',
'atj': 'Université McGill',
'az': 'Makgill Universiteti',
'azb': 'مکقیل بیلیم\u200cیوردو',
'be': 'Універсітэт Мак-Гіла',
'be-tarask': 'Унівэрсытэт Макгіла',
'bg': 'Университет „Макгил“',
'bn': 'ম্যাকগিল বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়',
'br': 'Skol-veur McGill',
'ca': 'Universitat McGill',
'ckb': 'زانکۆی مەکگیل',
'cs': 'McGillova univerzita',
'cy': 'Prifysgol McGill',
'da': 'McGill Universitet',
'de': 'McGill University',
'de-ch': 'McGill University',
'el': 'Πανεπιστήμιο ΜακΓκιλ',
'en': 'McGill University',
'en-ca': 'McGill University',
'en-gb': 'McGill University',
'eo': 'Universitato McGill',
'es': 'Universidad McGill',
'et': 'McGilli Ülikool',
'eu': 'McGill Unibertsitatea',
'fa': 'دانشگاه مک\u200cگیل',
'fi': 'McGill-yliopisto',
'fo': 'McGill University',
'fr': 'Université McGill',
'ga': 'Ollscoil McGill',
'gd': 'Oilthigh MhicGille',
'gv': 'Ollooscoill McGill',
'hak': 'McGill Thai-ho̍k',
'he': 'אוניברסיטת מקגיל',
'hu': 'McGill Egyetem',
'hy': 'ՄաքԳիլի համալսարան',
'hyw': 'ՄաքԿիլ Համալսարան',
'id': 'Universitas McGill',
'is': 'McGill-háskóli',
'it': 'Università McGill',
'ja': 'マギル大学',
'ka': 'მაკგილის უნივერსიტეტი',
'kk': 'Макгилла университеті',
'ko': '맥길 대학교',
'kw': 'Pennskol McGill',
'ky': 'МакГилл Университети',
'la': 'Universitas McGill',
'lt': 'Makgilio universitetas',
'lv': 'Makgila Universitāte',
'ms': 'Universiti McGill',
'my': 'မက်ဂေးလ် တက္ကသိုလ်',
'nb': 'McGill University',
'nl': 'McGill-universiteit',
'os': 'Макгиллы университет',
'pa': 'ਮੈਕਗਿੱਲ ਯੂਨੀਵਰਸਿਟੀ',
'pl': 'McGill University',
'pnb': 'مکگل یونیورسٹی',
'pt': 'Universidade McGill',
'pt-br': 'Universidade McGill',
'ro': 'Universitatea McGill',
'ru': 'Университет Макгилла',
'sh': 'Univerzitet McGill',
'sk': 'McGill University',
'sl': 'Univerza McGill',
'sr': 'Универзитет Макгил',
'sr-ec': 'Универзитет Макгил',
'sr-el': 'Univerzitet Makgil',
'sv': 'McGill University',
'sw': 'Chuo Kikuu cha McGill',
'ta': 'மக்கில் பல்கலைக்கழகம்',
'th': 'มหาวิทยาลัยแมคกิลล์',
'tl': 'McGill University',
'tr': 'McGill Üniversitesi',
'tt': 'Макгилл университеты',
'uk': 'Університет Макгілла',
'ur': 'میک گل یونیورسٹی',
'vi': 'Đại học McGill',
'wuu': '麦吉尔大学',
'yi': 'מאקגיל אוניווערסיטעט',
'yue': '麥嬌大學',
'zh': '麦吉尔大学',
'zh-cn': '麦吉尔大学',
'zh-hans': '麦吉尔大学',
'zh-hant': '麥基爾大學',
'zh-hk': '麥基爾大學',
'zh-sg': '麦吉尔大学',
'zh-tw': '麥基爾大學'}},
'associated_institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210088084',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/003sgap07',
'display_name': 'Canadian Institute for International Peace and Security',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'education',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210133247',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02pkvpx84',
'display_name': 'Group for Research in Decision Analysis',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210166983',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/05yfz9t60',
'display_name': 'International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'child'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210124342',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/03wx0vn75',
'display_name': 'CentrEau - Quebec Water Management Research Centre',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'related'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210127971',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02dhqpj43',
'display_name': 'Centre de réadaptation Lethbridge-Layton-Mackay',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'nonprofit',
'relationship': 'related'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2799434747',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/05dk2r620',
'display_name': 'Douglas Mental Health University Institute',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'healthcare',
'relationship': 'related'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2801824472',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/056jjra10',
'display_name': 'Jewish General Hospital',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'healthcare',
'relationship': 'related'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2801283468',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/047eze012',
'display_name': 'Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'healthcare',
'relationship': 'related'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2801942610',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/046j4d739',
'display_name': 'Lakeshore General Hospital',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'healthcare',
'relationship': 'related'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2801766832',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/04cpxjv19',
'display_name': 'McGill University Health Centre',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'healthcare',
'relationship': 'related'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210102716',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/018sv0913',
'display_name': "McGill-Queen's University Press",
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'education',
'relationship': 'related'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2799950917',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/04wc5jk96',
'display_name': "Montreal Children's Hospital",
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'healthcare',
'relationship': 'related'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210158752',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/05m8pzq90',
'display_name': 'Montreal Clinical Research Institute',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'facility',
'relationship': 'related'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2800293973',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/04gbhgc79',
'display_name': 'Montreal General Hospital',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'healthcare',
'relationship': 'related'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1292859797',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/05ghs6f64',
'display_name': 'Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'healthcare',
'relationship': 'related'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210088756',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/00arwy491',
'display_name': 'Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'healthcare',
'relationship': 'related'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802125861',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/01z1dtf94',
'display_name': 'Shriners Hospitals for Children - Canada',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'healthcare',
'relationship': 'related'},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802905097',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/03s3dhf22',
'display_name': "St Mary's Hospital",
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'healthcare',
'relationship': 'related'}],
'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023,
'works_count': 8015,
'cited_by_count': 439988},
{'year': 2022, 'works_count': 10631, 'cited_by_count': 558308},
{'year': 2021, 'works_count': 11087, 'cited_by_count': 556637},
{'year': 2020, 'works_count': 10870, 'cited_by_count': 498944},
{'year': 2019, 'works_count': 9710, 'cited_by_count': 425792},
{'year': 2018, 'works_count': 9066, 'cited_by_count': 384118},
{'year': 2017, 'works_count': 8911, 'cited_by_count': 349139},
{'year': 2016, 'works_count': 8764, 'cited_by_count': 336690},
{'year': 2015, 'works_count': 8288, 'cited_by_count': 325119},
{'year': 2014, 'works_count': 7953, 'cited_by_count': 310957},
{'year': 2013, 'works_count': 7638, 'cited_by_count': 289100},
{'year': 2012, 'works_count': 7064, 'cited_by_count': 262659}],
'roles': [{'role': 'funder',
'id': 'https://openalex.org/F4320310638',
'works_count': 1426},
{'role': 'institution',
'id': 'https://openalex.org/I5023651',
'works_count': 213401},
{'role': 'publisher',
'id': 'https://openalex.org/P4310312946',
'works_count': 2194}],
'x_concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420',
'display_name': 'Biology',
'level': 0,
'score': 66.1},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190',
'display_name': 'Medicine',
'level': 0,
'score': 57.3},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329',
'display_name': 'Chemistry',
'level': 0,
'score': 43.7},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413',
'display_name': 'Physics',
'level': 0,
'score': 40.4},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180',
'display_name': 'Internal medicine',
'level': 1,
'score': 36.8},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198',
'display_name': 'Computer science',
'level': 0,
'score': 35.1},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418',
'display_name': 'Psychology',
'level': 0,
'score': 34.7},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162',
'display_name': 'Genetics',
'level': 1,
'score': 33.1},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094',
'display_name': 'Biochemistry',
'level': 1,
'score': 31.0},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395',
'display_name': 'Mathematics',
'level': 0,
'score': 30.7},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023',
'display_name': 'Engineering',
'level': 0,
'score': 26.5},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142724271',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208',
'display_name': 'Pathology',
'level': 1,
'score': 23.5},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944',
'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics',
'level': 1,
'score': 23.2}],
'works_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=institutions.id:I5023651',
'updated_date': '2023-10-04T03:19:19.310904',
'created_date': '2016-06-24'}]
Intersección (Y):
In [31]:
Works().filter(institutions={"country_code": ["fr", "gb"]}).get()
# Lo mismo
Works().filter(institutions={"country_code": "fr"}).filter(institutions={"country_code": "gb"}).get()
Out[31]:
[{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1757407923',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.29210',
'title': 'Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: Sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012',
'display_name': 'Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: Sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012',
'publication_year': 2014,
'publication_date': '2014-10-09',
'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1757407923',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.29210',
'mag': '1757407923',
'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25220842'},
'language': 'en',
'primary_location': {'is_oa': True,
'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.29210',
'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/ijc.29210',
'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S5382288',
'display_name': 'International Journal of Cancer',
'issn_l': '0020-7136',
'issn': ['1097-0215', '0020-7136'],
'is_oa': False,
'is_in_doaj': False,
'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595',
'host_organization_name': 'Wiley',
'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'],
'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'],
'type': 'journal'},
'license': None,
'version': 'publishedVersion',
'is_accepted': True,
'is_published': True},
'type': 'article',
'type_crossref': 'journal-article',
'open_access': {'is_oa': True,
'oa_status': 'bronze',
'oa_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/ijc.29210',
'any_repository_has_fulltext': False},
'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5051830072',
'display_name': 'Jacques Ferlay',
'orcid': None},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I42237331',
'display_name': 'International Agency For Research On Cancer',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/00v452281',
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'type': 'government',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I42237331']}],
'countries': ['FR'],
'is_corresponding': True,
'raw_author_name': 'Jacques Ferlay',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France;',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France;']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5057880586',
'display_name': 'Isabelle Soerjomataram',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6017-741X'},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I42237331',
'display_name': 'International Agency For Research On Cancer',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/00v452281',
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'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Isabelle Soerjomataram',
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'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France;']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5049513467',
'display_name': 'Rajesh Dikshit',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4830-0486'},
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'display_name': 'Tata Memorial Hospital',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/010842375',
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'type': 'healthcare',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2800098698']}],
'countries': ['IN'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Rajesh Dikshit',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai (India)',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai (India)']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
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'display_name': 'Sultan Eser',
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'display_name': 'Izmir University',
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'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I132257509']},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I66514158',
'display_name': 'Hacettepe University',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/04kwvgz42',
'country_code': 'TR',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I66514158']}],
'countries': ['TR'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Sultan Eser',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Izmir Cancer Registry, Izmir Hub Izmir & Hacettepe University Institute of Public Health Ankara Turkey',
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'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5017081649',
'display_name': 'Colin Mathers',
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'display_name': 'World Health Organization',
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'country_code': 'CH',
'type': 'government',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210105654']}],
'countries': ['CH'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Colin Mathers',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Measurement and Health Information Systems, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Measurement and Health Information Systems, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5045986275',
'display_name': 'Marise Souto Rebelo',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0786-3362'},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210121739',
'display_name': 'Ministry of Health',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02y7p0749',
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'type': 'government',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210121739']}],
'countries': ['BR'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Marise Rebelo',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Surveillance and Cancer Information, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Surveillance and Cancer Information, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5060764581',
'display_name': 'Donald Maxwell Parkin',
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'display_name': 'University of Oxford',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/052gg0110',
'country_code': 'GB',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I40120149']}],
'countries': ['GB'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Donald Maxwell Parkin',
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'display_name': 'David Forman',
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'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'David Forman',
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'display_name': 'Freddie Bray',
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'display_name': 'International Agency For Research On Cancer',
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'raw_author_name': 'Freddie Ian Bray',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776256026',
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paginación
OpenAlex ofrece dos métodos de paginación: paginación básica y paginación del cursor. Ambos métodos son compatibles con PyAlex, aunque la paginación del cursor parece ser más fácil de implementar y menos propensa a errores.
paginación básica
Consulte las limitaciones de la paginación básica en la documentación de OpenAlex. Es relativamente fácil implementar la paginación básica con PyAlex; sin embargo, se recomienda utilizar el buscapersonas integrado basado en la paginación del cursor.
paginación del cursor
Utilice paginate() para paginar resultados. Cada página es una lista de registros, con un máximo de per_page (25 por defecto). De forma predeterminada, el argumento de paginación n_max está establecido en 10000. Utilice None para recuperar todos los resultados.
In [33]:
from pyalex import Authors
pager = Authors().search_filter(display_name="einstein").paginate(per_page=200)
for page in pager:
print(len(page))
200 200 200 146
¿Busca un método sencillo para iterar los registros de un buscapersonas?
In [34]:
from itertools import chain
from pyalex import Authors
query = Authors().search_filter(display_name="einstein")
for record in chain(*query.paginate(per_page=200)):
print(record["id"])
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Obtener N-gramos
Referencia de OpenAlex: Obtener N-gramas.
In [35]:
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...]
Fragmentos de código
Una lista de increíbles casos de uso del conjunto de datos OpenAlex.
Publicaciones citadas (obras referenciadas)
In [36]:
from pyalex import Works
# El trabajo para extraer las obras referenciadas de
w = Works()["W2741809807"]
Works()[w["referenced_works"]]
Out[36]:
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{'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 1},
{'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 5},
{'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 4},
{'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1},
{'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 2}],
'updated_date': '2023-09-30T22:24:06.562653',
'created_date': '2016-06-24'}]
Consigue obras de un solo autor
In [38]:
from pyalex import Works
Works().filter(author={"id": "A5023888391"}).get()
Out[38]:
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'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4375',
'title': 'The state of OA: a large-scale analysis of the prevalence and impact of Open Access articles',
'display_name': 'The state of OA: a large-scale analysis of the prevalence and impact of Open Access articles',
'publication_year': 2018,
'publication_date': '2018-02-13',
'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2741809807',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4375',
'mag': '2741809807',
'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29456894',
'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5815332'},
'language': 'en',
'primary_location': {'is_oa': True,
'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4375',
'pdf_url': None,
'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S1983995261',
'display_name': 'PeerJ',
'issn_l': '2167-8359',
'issn': ['2167-8359'],
'is_oa': True,
'is_in_doaj': True,
'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320104',
'host_organization_name': 'PeerJ, Inc.',
'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320104'],
'host_organization_lineage_names': ['PeerJ, Inc.'],
'type': 'journal'},
'license': 'cc-by',
'version': 'publishedVersion',
'is_accepted': True,
'is_published': True},
'type': 'article',
'type_crossref': 'journal-article',
'open_access': {'is_oa': True,
'oa_status': 'gold',
'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4375',
'any_repository_has_fulltext': True},
'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5048491430',
'display_name': 'Heather Piwowar',
'orcid': None},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210166736',
'display_name': 'Impact Technology Development (United States)',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/05ppvf150',
'country_code': 'US',
'type': 'company',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210166736']}],
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'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Heather Piwowar',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Impactstory, Sanford, NC, USA',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Impactstory, Sanford, NC, USA']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5023888391',
'display_name': 'Jason Priem',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6187-6610'},
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'display_name': 'Impact Technology Development (United States)',
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'type': 'company',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210166736']}],
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'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Jason Priem',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Impactstory, Sanford, NC, USA',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Impactstory, Sanford, NC, USA']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5068542997',
'display_name': 'Vincent Larivière',
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'display_name': 'Université de Montréal',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/0161xgx34',
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'type': 'education',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I159129438',
'display_name': 'Université du Québec à Montréal',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/002rjbv21',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I159129438',
'https://openalex.org/I49663120']}],
'countries': ['CA'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Vincent Larivière',
'raw_affiliation_string': "Observatoire des Sciences et des Technologies (OST) Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche sur la Science et la Technologie (CIRST) Université du Québec à Montréal Montréal QC Canada; École de bibliothéconomie et des sciences de l'information, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.",
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Observatoire des Sciences et des Technologies (OST) Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche sur la Science et la Technologie (CIRST) Université du Québec à Montréal Montréal QC Canada',
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{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5045110184',
'display_name': 'Juan Pablo Alperín',
'orcid': None},
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'display_name': 'Simon Fraser University',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/0213rcc28',
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'type': 'education',
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'countries': ['CA'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Juan Pablo Alperin',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Canadian Institute for Studies in Publishing, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; Public Knowledge Project, Canada.',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Canadian Institute for Studies in Publishing, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada.',
'Public Knowledge Project, Canada.']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5066880338',
'display_name': 'Lisa Matthias',
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'display_name': 'Simon Fraser University',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/0213rcc28',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I18014758']}],
'countries': ['CA'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Lisa Matthias',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Scholarly Communications Lab, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada.',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Scholarly Communications Lab, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada.']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5015414792',
'display_name': 'Bree Norlander',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0431-4221'},
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'ror': 'https://ror.org/00cvxb145',
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'type': 'education',
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'display_name': 'Seattle University',
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'type': 'education',
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'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'Bree Norlander',
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'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, USA']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5062989025',
'display_name': 'Ashley Farley',
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'display_name': 'Seattle University',
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'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, USA']},
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'display_name': 'Jevin D. West',
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'display_name': 'University of Washington',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I58610484',
'display_name': 'Seattle University',
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'is_corresponding': False,
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{'author_position': 'last',
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'display_name': 'Stefanie Haustein',
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'value_usd': 1395,
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'has_fulltext': False,
'cited_by_count': 558,
'biblio': {'volume': '6',
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'is_paratext': False,
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'https://openalex.org/W2078188943',
'https://openalex.org/W2586021869',
'https://openalex.org/W2741809807',
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'biblio': {'volume': None,
'issue': None,
'first_page': None,
'last_page': None},
'is_retracted': False,
'is_paratext': False,
'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41458344',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732577',
'display_name': 'Publication',
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'score': 0.76290774},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C9652623',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109',
'display_name': 'Field (mathematics)',
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'score': 0.66536087},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148',
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'display_name': 'Computer science',
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'score': 0.65284705},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777462167',
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'display_name': 'Scholarly communication',
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'score': 0.6326433},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C151719136',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3972943',
'display_name': 'Publishing',
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'score': 0.6237406},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779182362',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126187',
'display_name': 'Session (web analytics)',
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'score': 0.6006466},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2522767166',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463',
'display_name': 'Data science',
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'score': 0.5906332},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779527642',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108874',
'display_name': 'Happening',
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'score': 0.4636935},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136764020',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466',
'display_name': 'World Wide Web',
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'score': 0.41291457},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55587333',
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'display_name': 'Engineering ethics',
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'score': 0.37256676},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C56739046',
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'display_name': 'Knowledge management',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445',
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'display_name': 'Political science',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142362112',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547',
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'display_name': 'Mathematics',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C554144382',
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'display_name': 'Performance art',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C202444582',
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'display_name': 'Pure mathematics',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241',
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'display_name': 'Law',
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{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C52119013',
'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637',
'display_name': 'Art history',
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'mesh': [],
'locations_count': 1,
'locations': [{'is_oa': False,
'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/meet.2011.14504801205',
'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/meet.2011.14504801205',
'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210184376',
'display_name': 'Proceedings Of The Association For Information Science And Technology',
'issn_l': '0044-7870',
'issn': ['0044-7870'],
'is_oa': False,
'is_in_doaj': False,
'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595',
'host_organization_name': 'Wiley',
'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'],
'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'],
'type': 'journal'},
'license': None,
'version': None,
'is_accepted': False,
'is_published': False}],
'best_oa_location': None,
'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4',
'display_name': 'Quality Education',
'score': 0.38},
{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12',
'display_name': 'Responsible consumption and production',
'score': 0.12},
{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15',
'display_name': 'Life in Land',
'score': 0.12}],
'grants': [],
'referenced_works_count': 2,
'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1998339750',
'https://openalex.org/W2008262948'],
'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W54355840',
'https://openalex.org/W320348422',
'https://openalex.org/W627342557',
'https://openalex.org/W795605846',
'https://openalex.org/W929977232',
'https://openalex.org/W1519982170',
'https://openalex.org/W1528996362',
'https://openalex.org/W1537664926',
'https://openalex.org/W1784199708',
'https://openalex.org/W1812652964',
'https://openalex.org/W1933607367',
'https://openalex.org/W1971935763',
'https://openalex.org/W2036041813',
'https://openalex.org/W2101633467',
'https://openalex.org/W2808456753',
'https://openalex.org/W2886756489',
'https://openalex.org/W2911940158',
'https://openalex.org/W2942991516',
'https://openalex.org/W2961810719',
'https://openalex.org/W2994843948'],
'ngrams_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works/W2110180658/ngrams',
'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0, 35],
'scholarly': [1, 132],
'communication': [2],
'ecosystem': [3],
'is': [4, 44],
'changing.': [5],
'Scholars': [6],
'produce': [7],
'and': [8, 18, 20, 41, 52, 72, 94, 108, 139, 141],
'publish': [9],
'a': [10, 99],
'wider': [11],
'range': [12],
'of': [13, 38, 56, 91, 101, 111, 115, 121, 131, 136, 151],
'products': [14, 27, 40],
'than': [15, 68],
'ever': [16],
'before,': [17],
'scholars': [19],
'others': [21],
'increasingly': [22],
'interact': [23],
'with': [24, 119],
'these': [25, 64, 112],
'diverse': [26, 54],
'in': [28, 148],
'new': [29, 46, 65, 113, 129],
'ways': [30, 114],
'within': [31],
'the': [32, 80, 89, 122, 149],
'online': [33],
'ecosystem.': [34],
'widespread': [36],
'availability': [37],
'research': [39, 57, 60],
'interaction': [42],
'paths': [43],
'informing': [45],
'methods': [47, 66, 130],
'for': [48],
'finding,': [49],
'discussing,': [50],
'measuring,': [51],
'rewarding': [53],
'types': [55],
'output.': [58],
'Some': [59],
'fields': [61, 79],
'are': [62, 82],
'adopting': [63],
'faster': [67],
'supporting': [69],
'tools,': [70],
'processes,': [71],
'policies': [73],
'can': [74],
'keep': [75],
'up.': [76],
'In': [77],
'other': [78],
'changes': [81],
'happening': [83],
'very': [84],
'slowly': [85],
'‐': [86],
'perhaps': [87],
'at': [88],
'expense': [90],
'accelerated': [92],
'progress': [93],
'impact.': [95],
'We': [96],
'have': [97],
'assembled': [98],
'panel': [100],
'information': [102, 152],
'science': [103],
'researchers': [104],
'who': [105],
'both': [106],
'study': [107],
'implement': [109],
'many': [110],
'doing': [116],
'research.': [117],
'Together': [118],
'attendees': [120],
'session': [123],
'(you!),': [124],
'we': [125],
'will': [126],
'consider': [127],
'several': [128],
'communication,': [133],
'highlight': [134],
'some': [135],
'their': [137],
'strengths': [138],
'drawbacks,': [140],
'discuss': [142],
'how': [143],
'they': [144],
'play': [145],
'out': [146],
'today': [147],
'field': [150],
'science.': [153]},
'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2110180658',
'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}],
'updated_date': '2023-09-23T06:20:43.938066',
'created_date': '2016-06-24'}]
Publicaciones de conjuntos de datos en el sur global
In [39]:
from pyalex import Works
# El trabajo para extraer las obras referenciadas de
w = Works() \
.filter(institutions={"is_global_south":True}) \
.filter(type="dataset") \
.group_by("institutions.country_code") \
.get()
Publicaciones más citadas en su organización
In [40]:
from pyalex import Works
Works() \
.filter(authorships={"institutions": {"ror": "04pp8hn57"}}) \
.sort(cited_by_count="desc") \
.get()
Out[40]:
[{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1995017064',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1107/s0907444998003254',
'title': 'Crystallography & NMR System: A New Software Suite for Macromolecular Structure Determination',
'display_name': 'Crystallography & NMR System: A New Software Suite for Macromolecular Structure Determination',
'publication_year': 1998,
'publication_date': '1998-09-01',
'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1995017064',
'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1107/s0907444998003254',
'mag': '1995017064',
'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9757107'},
'language': 'en',
'primary_location': {'is_oa': False,
'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1107/s0907444998003254',
'pdf_url': None,
'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S114502960',
'display_name': 'Acta Crystallographica Section D-biological Crystallography',
'issn_l': '0907-4449',
'issn': ['0907-4449', '1399-0047'],
'is_oa': False,
'is_in_doaj': False,
'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320503',
'host_organization_name': 'Wiley-Blackwell',
'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320503',
'https://openalex.org/P4310320595'],
'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley-Blackwell', 'Wiley'],
'type': 'journal'},
'license': None,
'version': None,
'is_accepted': False,
'is_published': False},
'type': 'article',
'type_crossref': 'journal-article',
'open_access': {'is_oa': False,
'oa_status': 'closed',
'oa_url': None,
'any_repository_has_fulltext': False},
'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5056911622',
'display_name': 'A.T. Brünger',
'orcid': None},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I32971472',
'display_name': 'Yale University',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/03v76x132',
'country_code': 'US',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I32971472']},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1344073410',
'display_name': 'Howard Hughes Medical Institute',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/006w34k90',
'country_code': 'US',
'type': 'nonprofit',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1344073410']}],
'countries': ['US'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'A.T. Brünger',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA',
'The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5027915011',
'display_name': 'Paul D. Adams',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9333-8219'},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I32971472',
'display_name': 'Yale University',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/03v76x132',
'country_code': 'US',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I32971472']}],
'countries': ['US'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'P.D. Adams',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5024727980',
'display_name': 'G. Marius Clore',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3809-1027'},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210090567',
'display_name': 'National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/00adh9b73',
'country_code': 'US',
'type': 'facility',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238',
'https://openalex.org/I4210090567']},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238',
'display_name': 'National Institutes of Health',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/01cwqze88',
'country_code': 'US',
'type': 'government',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934',
'https://openalex.org/I1299303238']}],
'countries': ['US'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'G.M. Clore',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Laboratory of Chemical Physics, Building 5, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-0520, USA.',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Laboratory of Chemical Physics, Building 5, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-0520, USA.']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5090802246',
'display_name': 'Warren L. DeLano',
'orcid': None},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I180670191',
'display_name': 'University of California, San Francisco',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/043mz5j54',
'country_code': 'US',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I180670191',
'https://openalex.org/I2803209242']}],
'countries': ['US'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'W.L. DeLano',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Graduate Group in Biophysics, Box 0448, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Graduate Group in Biophysics, Box 0448, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5045574506',
'display_name': 'Piet Gros',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7782-2585'},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I193662353',
'display_name': 'Utrecht University',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/04pp8hn57',
'country_code': 'NL',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I193662353']}],
'countries': ['NL'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'P. Gros',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research; Utrecht University, Padualaan 8; 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research; Utrecht University, Padualaan 8; 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5068760000',
'display_name': 'Ralf W. Grosse‐Kunstleve',
'orcid': None},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I32971472',
'display_name': 'Yale University',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/03v76x132',
'country_code': 'US',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I32971472']},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1344073410',
'display_name': 'Howard Hughes Medical Institute',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/006w34k90',
'country_code': 'US',
'type': 'nonprofit',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1344073410']}],
'countries': ['US'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'R.W. Grosse-Kunstleve',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA',
'The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5011813946',
'display_name': 'Jiansheng Jiang',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0964-5481'},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I200870766',
'display_name': 'Brookhaven National Laboratory',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/02ex6cf31',
'country_code': 'US',
'type': 'facility',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1330989302',
'https://openalex.org/I200870766',
'https://openalex.org/I4210142672']}],
'countries': ['US'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'J.-S. Jiang',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Protein Data Bank, Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973–5000, USA',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Protein Data Bank, Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973–5000, USA']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5046828897',
'display_name': 'John Kuszewski',
'orcid': None},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210090567',
'display_name': 'National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/00adh9b73',
'country_code': 'US',
'type': 'facility',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238',
'https://openalex.org/I4210090567']},
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238',
'display_name': 'National Institutes of Health',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/01cwqze88',
'country_code': 'US',
'type': 'government',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934',
'https://openalex.org/I1299303238']}],
'countries': ['US'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'J. Kuszewski',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Laboratory of Chemical Physics, Building 5, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-0520, USA.',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Laboratory of Chemical Physics, Building 5, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-0520, USA.']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5024276029',
'display_name': 'Michaël Nilges',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1451-8092'},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210153543',
'display_name': 'European Molecular Biology Laboratory',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/050589e39',
'country_code': 'DE',
'type': 'government',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210138560',
'https://openalex.org/I4210153543']}],
'countries': ['DE'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'M. Nilges',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5028415040',
'display_name': 'Navraj S. Pannu',
'orcid': None},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I154425047',
'display_name': 'University of Alberta',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/0160cpw27',
'country_code': 'CA',
'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I154425047']}],
'countries': ['CA'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'N.S. Pannu',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Dept. of Mathematical Sciences , University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G1, Canada',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Dept. of Mathematical Sciences , University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G1, Canada']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5068323278',
'display_name': 'Randy J. Read',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8273-0047'},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I154425047',
'display_name': 'University of Alberta',
'ror': 'https://ror.org/0160cpw27',
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'type': 'education',
'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I154425047']}],
'countries': ['CA'],
'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'R.J. Read',
'raw_affiliation_string': '<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5056334757',
'display_name': 'Luke M. Rice',
'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6551-3307'},
'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I32971472',
'display_name': 'Yale University',
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'is_corresponding': False,
'raw_author_name': 'L.M. Rice',
'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.',
'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.']},
{'author_position': 'middle',
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645,
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3152,
3198,
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3487,
3526,
3637,
3684,
3896,
4046,
4272],
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'F.': [289, 2183],
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494,
498,
774,
780,
1146,
1243,
1569,
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2173,
2410,
2843,
2851,
3022,
3154,
3203,
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916,
965,
1525,
1974,
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2782,
2859,
3030,
3124,
3499,
3696],
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'D.': [297,
496,
778,
878,
1484,
1521,
1567,
1849,
1986,
2045,
2108,
2471,
3028,
3130],
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'identical': [310],
'gene': [315, 843, 970, 1167, 1436, 1598, 1614, 2932, 4296],
'wingless.Cell.': [316],
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'50:': [318],
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'cuticle.': [346, 398],
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'cuticle,': [352],
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'through': [432, 2432, 3474, 3614, 3739],
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'establish': [446],
'cell': [447, 1201, 1393, 1639, 1941, 2208, 3416, 3419],
'fate.Cell.': [448],
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3558,
3669,
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3828,
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'Scholar,': [459, 489, 682, 712, 893, 979, 2166, 2260, 3149, 3523],
'Noordermeer': [460],
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'J.': [464,
466,
786,
912,
1148,
1988,
2047,
2144,
2227,
2600,
2697,
2709,
2845,
3020,
3126,
3277,
3493,
3495,
3542,
3653,
3690,
3692,
3902,
3915],
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'act': [474, 1390, 1765, 3946, 3955],
'1994;': [482, 516],
'367:': [483],
'80-83Crossref': [484],
'(224)': [487],
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'1994Peifer': [493],
'Sweeton': [495],
'Casey': [497],
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'kinase': [506,
635,
657,
2364,
2454,
2527,
3390,
3505,
3588,
3678,
3702,
3794,
3814,
4220],
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'intracellular': [512, 1675],
'distribution': [513, 3212],
'Armadillo.Development.': [515],
'120:': [517, 803],
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'1989,': [523],
'McMahon': [524],
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'Moon,': [529, 1260],
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'A.P.': [531, 2967],
'R.T.': [533, 1264],
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'leads': [543],
'duplication': [545, 561, 615],
'axis.Cell.': [549],
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'at': [579, 1057, 3845],
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'stage.': [582],
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'and,': [597],
'moreover,': [598],
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'assay': [604],
'study': [606],
'components': [607, 4170],
'vertebrates.': [613],
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946,
2769,
2836,
3387,
3844,
3860,
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4238,
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4353,
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'armadillo),': [627],
'dominant-negative': [630],
'version': [631],
'(GSK3),': [637],
'(Dominguez': [644],
'1995Dominguez': [647],
'I.': [648, 898, 955, 2602, 2780],
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'K.': [650,
910,
1142,
1368,
1406,
1529,
1563,
2102,
2171,
2273,
2707,
3156,
3530,
3641],
'Sokol': [651],
'S.Y.': [652],
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'negative': [662],
'regulator': [663],
'dorsoventral': [665, 730],
'formation': [667, 798, 1712],
'embryos.Proc.': [670],
'Natl.': [671],
'Acad.': [672],
'Sci.': [673, 1418],
'USA.': [674],
'1995;': [675, 705, 735],
'92:': [676],
'8498-8502Crossref': [677],
'(240)': [680],
'Guger': [683],
'Gumbiner,': [685],
'1995Guger': [686],
'K.A.': [687, 2841],
'Gumbiner': [688, 4281],
'B.M.': [689, 3024, 4282],
'Beta-Catenin': [690],
'Wnt-like': [692],
'activity': [693, 1775, 4019, 4127],
'mimics': [695],
'Nieuwkoop': [697],
'center': [699],
'dorsal-ventral': [702],
'patterning.Dev.': [703],
'Biol.': [704, 1504, 1799, 2579, 2934, 3140, 3170, 3228, 3330, 4073, 4306],
'172:': [706],
'115-125Crossref': [707],
'(112)': [710],
'He': [713, 2186, 3157, 3543, 3654],
'1995He': [716],
'X.': [717, 784, 1934, 2187, 2594, 3116, 3158, 3528, 3544, 3639, 3655],
'Saint-Jeannet': [718, 2184, 2595],
'J.P.': [719, 1984, 2043, 2185, 2596],
'Woodgett': [720, 3541, 3652],
'J.R.': [721, 1381],
'Dawid': [724, 2601, 3274],
'I.B.': [725, 3275],
'Glycogen': [726],
'kinase-3': [728],
'patterning': [731, 1131],
'embryos.Nature.': [734],
'374:': [736],
'617-622Crossref': [737],
'Although': [741, 1331, 2331, 3958],
'long': [742],
'elusive,': [743],
'specific': [745, 3977],
'triggers': [749],
'induction': [751, 2614],
'Wnt11': [757],
'Heasman': [759, 785],
'colleagues': [761],
'year': [763],
'(Tao': [764],
'2005Tao': [767],
'Q.': [768, 2689],
'Yokota': [769],
'Puck': [771],
'H.': [772,
906,
1851,
2604,
2965,
3026,
3120,
3536,
3540,
3647,
3651,
3898],
'Kofron': [773],
'Birsoy': [775],
'B.': [776, 866, 951, 953, 986, 1157, 2469, 2855, 3014, 3200, 3532, 3643],
'Yan': [777],
'Asashima': [779],
'Wylie': [781],
'C.C.': [782],
'Lin': [783],
'Maternal': [787],
'wnt11': [788],
'activates': [789, 2570, 2676, 3367],
'canonical': [791,
1195,
1213,
1295,
1310,
2521,
2543,
2554,
2678,
2745,
3137,
3369,
3750],
'wnt': [792, 1415, 1540, 1572],
'required': [795, 1437, 1861, 2235, 2354, 2478, 2797, 4139],
'embryos.Cell.': [801],
'2005;': [802,
1173,
1252,
1272,
1867,
2870,
3142,
3172,
3421,
3516,
3554,
3665,
3713],
'857-871Abstract': [804],
'(263)': [812],
'combined': [816],
'observations': [817, 3960],
'made': [818],
'delineated': [823],
'highly': [825, 3849, 4331, 4389],
'conserved': [826, 1037, 1328, 1532, 1577, 1597, 1622, 1678, 3850],
'pathway,': [828, 1204, 2546, 4202],
'activated': [829, 1189],
'proteins.': [833, 1908, 2755],
'Independent': [834],
'studies,': [837],
'adenomatous': [839, 853],
'polyposis': [840, 854],
'coli': [841],
'(APC)': [842],
'discovered': [845],
'syndrome': [850],
'termed': [851, 1442],
'familial': [852],
'(FAP)': [855],
'(Kinzler': [856],
'1991Kinzler': [859],
'K.W.': [860, 988],
'Nilbert': [861],
'M.C.': [862, 1705],
'Su': [863, 980],
'L.K.': [864, 984],
'Vogelstein': [865, 985],
'Bryan': [867],
'T.M.': [868],
'Levy': [869],
'D.B.': [870],
'Smith': [871, 2909, 3084],
'K.J.': [872, 4278],
'Preisinger': [873],
'A.C.': [874],
'Hedge': [875, 915],
'McKechnie': [877],
'al.Identification': [880],
'FAP': [882, 923],
'locus': [883],
'from': [885, 1542, 1623, 1679, 1828, 1998, 2057, 2366, 4064, 4121],
'chromosome': [886, 919],
'5q21.Science.': [887],
'1991;': [888, 928],
'253:': [889, 929],
'661-665Crossref': [890],
'Nishisho': [894],
'1991Nishisho': [897],
'Nakamura': [899],
'Y.': [900, 902, 904, 1982, 2041, 2175, 2181, 2598, 2691, 2853, 3118],
'Miyoshi': [901],
'Miki': [903],
'Ando': [905],
'Horii': [907],
'A.': [908,
1140,
1155,
2112,
2693,
2776,
2961,
3081,
3267,
3501,
3698,
3900,
3904,
4050],
'Koyama': [909],
'Utsunomiya': [911],
'Baba': [913],
'S.': [914,
963,
1486,
1857,
2106,
2114,
2146,
2271,
2406,
2912,
3079,
3205,
3534,
3645],
'5q21': [920],
'colorectal': [925],
'patients.Science.': [927],
'665-669Crossref': [930],
'Soon': [934],
'after,': [935],
'large': [937],
'cytoplasmic': [938, 3381, 3481, 3513, 3571, 3710, 3756, 4149, 4262, 4373],
'APC': [939, 969, 992, 3966, 3980, 4016, 4026, 4060, 4137, 4153, 4382],
'interact': [944, 2888, 3377],
'(Rubinfeld': [947],
'1993Rubinfeld': [950],
'Souza': [952],
'Albert': [954],
'Muller': [956],
'O.': [957, 1707, 2774],
'Chamberlain': [958],
'S.H.': [959],
'Masiarz': [960],
'F.R.': [961],
'Munemitsu': [962],
'Polakis': [964],
'Association': [966, 989],
'product': [971],
'beta-catenin.Science.': [973],
'1993;': [974, 998],
'262:': [975, 999],
'1731-1734Crossref': [976],
'1993Su': [983],
'Kinzler': [987],
'suppressor': [994, 3768, 3788],
'catenins.Science.': [997],
'1734-1737Crossref': [1000],
'first': [1008, 4354],
'connection': [1009],
'human': [1015, 1248, 2864],
'cancer.': [1016, 1318],
'Genome': [1017],
'sequencing': [1018],
'since': [1020],
'revealed': [1021, 1666],
'mammalian': [1023, 2505],
'species': [1024],
'have': [1025, 1045, 3465],
'roughly': [1026],
'20': [1027, 3987],
'proteins,': [1030, 1957],
'can': [1032, 1389, 2023, 2537, 2550, 2886, 3375, 4156],
'divided': [1034],
'12': [1036],
'subfamilies.': [1039],
'Of': [1040, 1209],
'these,': [1041],
'only': [1042, 4028, 4386],
'6': [1043],
'subfamilies': [1044, 1063, 1082],
'counterparts': [1046],
'ecdysozoan': [1048, 1090],
'animals': [1049, 1107],
'such': [1050, 4267],
'Caenorhabditis.': [1054],
'contrast,': [1056],
'least': [1058, 2626],
'11': [1059],
'occur': [1064],
'genome': [1067],
'cnidarian': [1070],
'sea': [1072, 1171],
'anemone': [1073],
'Nematostella': [1074],
'vectensis).': [1075],
'finding': [1077],
'suggests': [1078],
'some': [1080],
'were': [1083],
'lost': [1084],
'evolution': [1087],
'lineage': [1091],
'but': [1092],
'more': [1093, 3810, 4216],
'importantly': [1094],
'reveals': [1095],
'complex': [1098, 1672, 1734, 3366, 3777, 3953],
'inventory': [1099],
'factors': [1102, 2636, 2644, 2741],
'present': [1104],
'multicellular': [1106],
'well': [1108],
'before': [1109],
'Cambrian': [1111],
'explosion': [1112],
'(550': [1113],
'million': [1114],
'years': [1115],
'ago).': [1116],
'Thus,': [1117, 1459, 1833],
'comparative': [1118],
'genomic': [1119],
'underscores': [1121],
'crucial': [1123],
'role': [1124, 1894, 2311, 3224, 3964, 4242],
'play': [1128],
'organismal': [1130],
'throughout': [1132],
'kingdom': [1135],
'(Kusserow': [1136],
'2005Kusserow': [1139],
'Pang': [1141],
'Sturm': [1143],
'Hrouda': [1145],
'Lentferm': [1147],
'Schmidt': [1149],
'H.A.': [1150],
'Technau': [1151],
'U.': [1152, 3497, 3694],
'von': [1153],
'Haeseler': [1154],
'Hobmayer': [1156],
'Martindale': [1158],
'M.Q.': [1159],
'Holstein': [1160],
'T.W.': [1161],
'Unexpected': [1162],
'complexity': [1163],
'family': [1168,
1997,
2056,
2088,
2244,
2611,
2917,
2979,
3109,
3192,
3605,
3816,
4222,
4301],
'anemone.Nature.': [1172],
'433:': [1174],
'156-160Crossref': [1175],
'(262)': [1178],
'Currently,': [1181],
'three': [1182],
'different': [1183],
'pathways': [1184],
'believed': [1186, 1467, 3303],
'upon': [1190],
'receptor': [1192, 1742, 2243, 2365, 2447, 2577, 3510, 3707, 3834],
'activation:': [1193],
'Wnt/β-catenin': [1196, 2522],
'cascade,': [1197],
'noncanonical': [1199],
'planar': [1200],
'(PCP)': [1203],
'Wnt/Ca2+': [1207],
'pathway.': [1208, 2524, 3937],
'three,': [1211],
'best': [1216],
'understood': [1217],
'primary': [1221],
'subject': [1222, 4394],
'this': [1224, 2444, 2997, 3776, 4387],
'review.': [1225],
'For': [1226, 1909, 4192],
'recent': [1227, 4209],
'comprehensive': [1228, 4194],
'overviews': [1229],
'on': [1230, 2212, 2576, 2866, 3341, 3975],
'pathways,': [1235, 4111],
'reader': [1237, 4204],
'referred': [1239, 4206],
'Katoh,': [1241],
'2005Katoh': [1242],
'WNT/PCP': [1244],
'(review).Oncol.': [1250],
'Rep.': [1251],
'14:': [1253],
'1583-1588PubMed': [1254],
'Scholar': [1256, 1431, 1557, 1592, 2496],
'Kohn': [1258],
'2005Kohn': [1261],
'A.D.': [1262],
'calcium': [1267],
'signaling:': [1268],
'β-Catenin-independent': [1269],
'pathways.Cell': [1270],
'Calcium.': [1271],
'38:': [1273],
'439-446Crossref': [1274],
'(286)': [1277],
'Scholar.': [1279],
'review': [1281, 1304, 4210],
'discusses': [1282],
'how': [1283, 1291, 1812, 3449, 3455],
'produced': [1287],
'they': [1292, 1342, 2394, 3945, 3954],
'activate': [1293, 2519, 2552, 2637, 2743, 2768, 2898, 2930],
'recipient': [1300],
'cells.': [1301],
'Further,': [1302],
'examines': [1305],
'roles': [1307, 3933, 4058],
'development,': [1314],
'tissue': [1315, 3211],
'self-renewal,': [1316],
'characterized': [1322, 2659],
'high': [1325, 2671],
'residues.': [1330],
'carry': [1334],
'an': [1335, 1964, 2117, 2231, 2284, 2371, 2682, 3412, 3962, 4256],
'N-terminal': [1336, 1966],
'peptide': [1338],
'secreted,': [1341],
'relatively': [1344],
'insoluble.': [1345],
'insolubility': [1347],
'been': [1349, 2335, 2818, 4134],
'attributed': [1350],
'particular': [1353],
'modification,': [1355],
'palmitoylation,': [1357],
'essential': [1360, 1601, 1685, 2120, 2287, 3620, 3963, 4029, 4257],
'function': [1363, 1715, 3305],
'(Willert': [1364],
'2003Willert': [1367],
'Brown': [1369, 2272],
'J.D.': [1370],
'Danenberg': [1371],
'Duncan': [1373],
'A.W.': [1374],
'Weissman': [1375],
'I.L.': [1376],
'Reya': [1377],
'T.': [1378, 2279, 2847, 2849],
'Yates': [1379],
'3rd,': [1380],
'lipid-modified': [1387],
'stem': [1392],
'growth': [1394],
'factors.Nature.': [1395],
'2003;': [1396, 2248, 2294, 2421, 3097, 4074],
'423:': [1397],
'448-452Crossref': [1398],
'(1088)': [1401],
'Hofmann,': [1404],
'2000Hofmann': [1405],
'superfamily': [1408],
'membrane-bound': [1410],
'O-acyltransferases': [1411],
'implications': [1413],
'signaling.Trends': [1416],
'Biochem.': [1417],
'2000;': [1419, 2124, 2159, 2194],
'25:': [1420],
'111-112Abstract': [1421],
'(215)': [1429],
'reported': [1432],
'Wnt-secreting': [1440],
'cell,': [1441],
'displays': [1444],
'homology': [1445],
'acyl-transferases,': [1447],
'enzymes': [1448, 1923],
'acylate': [1450],
'substrates': [1454],
'endoplasmic': [1457, 2232],
'reticulum.': [1458],
'porcupine': [1460],
'its': [1462, 2433, 3854, 3976],
'worm': [1463],
'mom-1': [1465],
'enzyme': [1471],
'responsible': [1474],
'palmitoylation': [1477],
'(Zhai': [1478],
'2004Zhai': [1481],
'L.': [1482, 2104, 2267, 2269, 2703, 3263],
'Chaturvedi': [1483],
'Cumberledge': [1485],
'wnt-1': [1488],
'undergoes': [1489],
'hydrophobic': [1491],
'modification': [1492],
'targeted': [1495, 3887],
'lipid': [1497, 1831],
'rafts,': [1498],
'process': [1500, 2830],
'requires': [1502, 1574, 1713],
'porcupine.J.': [1503],
'Chem.': [1505, 2935, 3141, 3171, 3229],
'2004;': [1506, 1800, 1945, 2484, 2727, 2802, 3331],
'279:': [1507],
'33220-33227Crossref': [1508],
'(116)': [1511],
'Recently,': [1514],
'Banziger': [1515],
'2006Banziger': [1518],
'Soldini': [1520],
'Schutt': [1522],
'Zipperlen': [1524],
'Hausmann': [1526],
'G.': [1527, 1703, 3018, 3489, 3686],
'Basler': [1528],
'Wntless,': [1530],
'membrane': [1533, 3613, 3726],
'dedicated': [1535, 1754, 3875],
'secretion': [1538, 1688, 1757, 3354],
'cells.Cell.': [1544],
'2006;': [1545, 1580, 1719, 2580, 2936, 3824, 4230],
'125:': [1546, 1581],
'509-522Abstract': [1547],
'(182)': [1555],
'Bartscherer': [1559],
'2006Bartscherer': [1562],
'Pelte': [1564],
'Ingelfinger': [1566],
'Boutros': [1568],
'Secretion': [1570],
'ligands': [1573, 2921],
'evi,': [1575],
'transmembrane': [1578, 1618, 1961, 2083, 2362, 3006, 3254],
'protein.Cell.': [1579],
'523-533Abstract': [1582],
'(185)': [1590],
'uncovered': [1593],
'another': [1596, 3003],
'secretion,': [1604],
'wntless': [1606],
'(wls)': [1607],
'evenness': [1609],
'interrupted': [1610],
'(evi),': [1611],
'respectively.': [1612],
'encodes': [1615, 2116, 2283],
'seven-pass': [1617, 1960],
'worms': [1624],
'(mom-3)': [1625],
'man': [1627],
'(hWLS).': [1628],
'absence': [1631],
'Wls/evi,': [1633],
'Wnts': [1634, 1834, 1876, 1953, 2766, 3562],
'retained': [1636],
'inside': [1637],
'produces': [1641],
'them.': [1642],
'Wntless': [1644],
'resides': [1646],
'primarily': [1647],
'Golgi': [1650],
'apparatus,': [1651],
'where': [1652],
'it': [1653, 1809, 2332, 3430, 3447, 3608, 3779, 3993],
'colocalizes': [1654],
'physically': [1656, 2887, 3376],
'interacts': [1657, 3471, 3781, 3994],
'Wnts.': [1659],
'genetic': [1661, 3959],
'screen': [1662],
'elegans': [1665],
'retromer,': [1669],
'multiprotein': [1671],
'trafficking': [1676, 2240],
'yeast': [1680],
'man,': [1682],
'generation': [1692],
'gradient': [1696, 1711],
'(Coudreuse': [1697],
'2006Coudreuse': [1700],
'D.Y.': [1701],
'Roel': [1702],
'Betist': [1704],
'Destree': [1706],
'Korswagen': [1708],
'H.C.': [1709],
'retromer': [1714, 1733],
'Wnt-producing': [1717],
'cells.Science.': [1718],
'312:': [1720],
'921-924Crossref': [1721],
'(132)': [1724, 2941],
'An': [1727, 2151, 3059],
'attractive': [1728],
'hypothesis': [1729],
'recycling': [1738],
'cargo': [1741],
'(such': [1743],
'Wntless)': [1745],
'default': [1748],
'secretory': [1749],
'compartment': [1753],
'(see': [1758],
'Figure': [1759],
'1).': [1760],
'thought': [1763, 3564],
'morphogen': [1768],
'(that': [1769],
'is,': [1770, 2393, 4247],
'long-range': [1772, 1814],
'whose': [1774, 3758],
'concentration': [1777],
'dependent)': [1778],
'(reviewed': [1779, 1930, 3310, 3398],
'Logan': [1781, 3312],
'Nusse,': [1783, 2562, 3314],
'2004Logan': [1784, 3315],
'C.Y.': [1785, 3316],
'disease.Annu.': [1795, 3326],
'Rev.': [1796, 3327],
'Cell': [1797, 3328, 4305],
'Dev.': [1798, 3329, 3823, 4229],
'20:': [1801, 3332, 3825, 4231],
'781-810Crossref': [1802, 3333],
'(2105)': [1805, 3336],
'However,': [1808, 3429],
'unclear': [1811, 3432, 4336],
'gradients': [1815],
'generated.': [1817],
'It': [1818, 3624, 4132, 4254, 4333, 4384],
'conceivable': [1820],
'palmitoyl': [1823],
'moiety': [1824],
'constrains': [1825],
'movement': [1826],
'away': [1827],
'membranes': [1829],
'or': [1830, 1842, 1904, 1919, 2571, 3350, 3355, 3454, 3673, 4126],
'particles.': [1832],
'may': [1835, 1877, 2456, 3343, 3731, 4083, 4116],
'tethered': [1837],
'intercellular': [1839],
'transport': [1840, 1903, 2203, 2318],
'vesicles': [1841],
'lipoprotein': [1843],
'particles': [1844, 1859],
'(Panakova': [1845],
'2005Panakova': [1848],
'Sprong': [1850],
'Marois': [1852],
'Thiele': [1854],
'Eaton': [1856],
'Lipoprotein': [1858],
'Hedgehog': [1863, 3821, 4227],
'signaling.Nature.': [1866, 2123, 3042],
'435:': [1868],
'58-65Crossref': [1869],
'(276)': [1872],
'Alternatively,': [1875],
'transported': [1879],
'cytonemes,': [1881],
'long,': [1884],
'thin': [1885],
'filopodial': [1886],
'processes.': [1887],
'Additionally,': [1888],
'studies': [1889, 2879, 3464],
'suggest': [1892, 3222],
'extracellular': [1896, 1965, 2434, 2891, 3247, 3307],
'heparan': [1897, 1937],
'sulfate': [1898, 1938],
'proteoglycans': [1899, 1939],
'(HSPG)': [1900],
'stabilization': [1905, 2834, 3349],
'instance,': [1910],
'flies': [1911],
'Dally,': [1915],
'GPI-anchored': [1917],
'HSPG,': [1918],
'encoding': [1922],
'modify': [1925],
'HSPGs': [1926],
'resemble': [1927, 2327, 2388, 3184],
'Lin,': [1932],
'2004Lin': [1933],
'Functions': [1935],
'development.Development.': [1944],
'131:': [1946],
'6009-6021Crossref': [1947],
'(316)': [1950],
'bind': [1954, 2024],
'Frizzled': [1955, 2026, 2609, 3191],
'(Fz)': [1956],
'receptors': [1962, 2352, 2928, 3038, 3195, 3256],
'cysteine-rich': [1967],
'domain': [1968, 2455, 3188],
'(CRD)': [1969],
'(Bhanot': [1970],
'1996Bhanot': [1973, 2032],
'Brink': [1975, 2034],
'Samos': [1977, 2036, 3270],
'C.H.': [1978, 2037, 3271],
'Hsieh': [1979, 2038, 2261],
'J.C.': [1980, 2039, 2265, 3085, 3261],
'Wang': [1981, 2040, 2597, 2690],
'Macke': [1983, 2042],
'Andrew': [1985, 2044],
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